Enzymatic sulfation of A'-hydroxylated arylamines by mammalian hepatic cytosol sulfotransferases (AST; EC 2.8.2.1) is an important metabolic step which generates ultimate carcinogens. The metabolic activity of AST IV, the putative ¡sozymicform of AST primarily respon sible for catalyzing /V-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofIuorene sulfation, is mod ulated during 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF)-induced rat he...

In vitro supplementation with the active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal-phosphate (PLP), increases measurements of both serum aminotransferase enzymes, L-aspartate: 2-oxoglutarate amino transferase, EC 2.6.1.1 (AST) and L-alanine: 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase, EC 2.6.1.2 (ALT). The plasma PLP level in normal individuals clearly relates inversely to the degree of stimulation of serum AST and A...

PURPOSE Ultraviolet (UV) acts as low-dose ionizing radiation. Acute UVB exposure causes photokeratitis and induces apoptosis in corneal cells. Astaxanthin (AST) is a carotenoid, present in seafood, that has potential clinical applications due to its high antioxidant activity. In the present study, we examined whether topical administration of AST has preventive and therapeutic effects on UV-pho...

BACKGROUND Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), an enzyme released from necrotic cells, has been identified in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and elevated levels are associated with periodontal tissue destruction. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between elevated GCF levels of AST and periodontal disease progression. METHODS Over a 12-month period, 8 to 10 interproximal si...

English as a foreign language that is widely used in the world provides challenge to every learner. Grammar rules are one of challenges faced by learners, especially Subject-verb Agreement rules. This article aims analyze types common errors made students and determine with highest percentage found. With qualitative quantitative descriptive design, this study chose Education Study Program, FKIP...

Urdu/Hindi has SOV default word order and an immediately preverbal default focus position [1, 2]. When focus is syntactically determined relative to the verb, verb focus is difficult to realize by position. We were therefore interested in the interplay between syntax and prosody with respect to verb focus in languages such as Urdu/Hindi and investigated the prosody associated with verb focus in...

Verbs are the centerpiece of the sentence, and understanding of verb meanings is essential for language acquisition. Yet verb learning is said to be more challenging than noun learning for young children for several reasons. First, while nouns tend to denote concrete objects, which are perceptually stable over time, verbs tend to refer to action events, which are temporally ephemeral, and the b...

The purpose of this article is to illustrate the differences between psychophysical (e.g. heikottaa, ‘feel weak’) and physical (e.g. janottaa, ‘be thirsty’) causative emotion verbs in Finnish by studying the factors that determine the temporal structure of the causative emotion verb + infinitive 1 -construction. The focus, in other words, is whether the situation expressed by the infinitive 1 v...

The involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the pathophysiology of Sjögren's syndrome (SS), an autoimmune disorder, and irradiation-induced impairments in salivary secretion has been reported. Meanwhile, the strong antioxidant astaxanthin (Ast) has been suggested to have therapeutic effects on various diseases. In the present study, we examined the ROS scavenging capacity of Ast using a...

Purpose. By examining the prescribing patterns and inappropriate use of acid suppressive therapy (AST) during hospitalization and at discharge we sought to identify the risk factors associated with such practices. Methods. In this retrospective observational study, inpatient records were reviewed from January 2011 to December 2013. Treatment with AST was considered appropriate if the patient ha...