Protein biomarkers in nasal secretions can be used as a measure to differentiate between allergies, airway diseases and infections for non-invasive diagnostics. The point-of-care quantification of biomarker levels using flow-based microarray facilitates precise rapid diagnosis displays the potential targeted effective treatment. For first time, we developed chemiluminescence sandwich immunoassa...

The specificity of a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting Aspergillus galactomannan was tested with exoantigens of 29 fungi cultured from clinical specimens. Cross-reactivity was observed with Penicillium chrysogenum, Penicillium digitatum, and Paecilomyces variotii. Furthermore, 40 serum samples obtained from bacteremic patients with hematologic malignancies were re...

Background: Platanus species are widely cultured around the world and considered an important cause of allergic reactions. In the present study, we developed a sandwich ELISA to quantify Pla or 3 allergen in P. orientalis pollen extracts grown near high-traffic roads and compared it to pollen extracts collected from rural areas as control. Methods: Pollen samples were collected from three po...

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), a subset of Shiga toxin producing E. coli (STEC) is associated with a spectrum of diseases that includes diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis and a life-threatening hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). Regardless of serotype, Shiga toxins (Stx1 and/or Stx2) are uniformly expressed by all EHEC, and so exploitable targets for laboratory diagnosis of these pathogens...

The three-dimensional structure of TNF has been determined at 0.29 nm using the technique of X-ray crystallography. Published data on site-directed mutagenesis and antibody binding may now be assessed in the light of the structure, thus the links between structure and function for TNF may be addressed. TNF is a compact trimer composed of three identical subunits of 157 amino acids. The main-cha...

A competitive and a sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were developed for human leukocyte collagenase and gelatinase. The competitive assay could detect 0.5 ng collagenase and 0.05 ng gelatinase. The detection limit of the sandwich ELISA was 0.05 ng for collagenase and 0.02 ng for gelatinase. No cross reactivity between human leukocyte collagenase and gelatinase was detected. Th...

Objective: To compare immunogenicity of a recombinant hepatitis B (HB) vaccine in two groups of neonates born in two cities of Iran with different geographic and ethnic backgrounds.   Materials and Methods: Ten micrograms of a recombinant HB vaccine was administered under field condition to Iranian healthy neonates at 0, 1.5 and 9 months intervals. The subjects consisted of two groups of 290 an...

A sensitive and specific immunoassay method for detecting α-fetoprotein (AFP) based on electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) was described. ECL could perform detection for a series of different concentrations of AFP. CdSe quantum dots (QDs) were used as labels and were linked to AFP antibody (anti-AFP, the secondary antibody, Ab2*). Immunoassay was carried out on a modified electrode using a...

Nine monoclonal antibodies against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were prepared and used to investigate the immunological and physicochemical heterogeneity of circulating CEA. Two of these, M221-73 and M272-11, recognized "CEA-distinctive" epitopes and they gave sandwich-enzyme immunoassays far less reactive with nonspecific cross-reacting antigen (NCA) and nonspecific cross-reacting antigen-2 ...

Recently, serum Golgi protein 73 (GP73) levels have been found to be elevated in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and GP73 has been proposed as a novel marker for HCC. However, GP73 levels in patients remain controversial due to the specificity of the anti-GP73 antibody-based enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Therefore, an anti-GP73 antibody with high specificity was highl...