Research has shown that extensive planning is typical of skilled adult writers (Bridwell-Bowles, Johnson, & Brehe, 1987; Flower & Hayes, 1981b). Yet word processors tend to discourage high level planning (Haas, 1989). In this research, we used the Writing Environment, a computer-based authoring tool that encourages planning, to study the strategies of adult writers. Nine graduate students and e...

influencing and being influenced as a result of contact and communication of the nations has created many manifestations of culture and art in the history which architecture is one of. the roots and symbols of the french architecture and their impact on american complex architecture can be seen and looked for from the time of arrival of the french to the soil of the american land. the impact of...

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the use of personal and impersonal metadiscourse (MD) by Persian- and English-speaking writers in academic writing. For this purpose, 80 abstracts were selected (40 written by Persian-speaking writers and 40 by English-speaking ones) and analyzed. These abstracts were selected from endocrinology and metabolism journals published during 2010 to...

One of the most prevalent issues in francophone literature is exile and its impact on postcolonial identity formation French colonised society. However, there limited space for voices Francophone women writers to speak about their exile. This article draws autobiographical novels by Caribbean Maryse Condé Gisèle Pineau. The research method used comparative cultural studies look at tension betwe...

Although there are several studies conducted by linguistics researchers on the differences between linguistic styles of female and male writers, not many use boosters in academic writing. Boosters used to convince emphasize statements made. This study analyzes regularity Introduction section Ten Research Articles (RAs). The influence gender specific will also be looked at. A document analysis m...

This study explored the nature of transfer among bilingual vs. trilinguals with varying levels of competence in English and their previous languages. The hypotheses were tested in writing tasks designed for 75 high (N= 35) vs. intermediate (N=40) proficient EFL learners with Turkish, Persian, English and Persian, English linguistic backgrounds. Qualitative data were also collected through some ...