The main objective of this study was to develop parsimonious empirical models for predicting the mass and number concentrations of ultrafine particulate (UFP, aerodynamic diameter < 0.1 or 0.18 microm) in the atmospheric environment. We found strong correlations existed between the mass/number concentration of UFP and the mass concentration of PM(2.5) (aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 microm) by fitt...

Despite numerous laboratory investigations, the aqueous phase oxidation of SO1 remains illunderstood. A major reason for this is the failure to treat properly the combined problem of mass transport and chemical reaction. This problem has not been adequately addressed either by experiments with bulk solutions or by experiments with aqueous droplets that have been undertaken in order to circumven...

Multidimensional food perception is based mainly on gustatory and olfactory function. Recent research has demonstrated that hypobaric pressure impairs gustatory function and that background noise or distracting auditory stimulation impairs olfactory function. Using a hypobaric chamber, the odor identification, discrimination, and thresholds as well as taste identification and threshold scores w...

-The reaction of kaolin with NaC1 was followed by dynamic thermal analysis and mass spectrometry under/'42, CO2, and air atmospheres and in a 10-5-torr vacuum. The weight loss was a function of the atmosphere used and, according to mass spectrometry, was due to the evolution of H20, HC1, and very small amounts of H2. HC1 was formed only after the release of 85% of the hydroxyl content of the ka...

Photosynthetic re-absorption of photorespired CO(2) causes underestimation in measured photorespiration and turnover rate of the substrate for photorespiration. Actual values of photorespiration exceed the measured by a factor greater than 1 + R'(w)/r(p) + [C(L)](x)/(r(p).L(x)). (R'(w) and r(p) are the partial resistances to CO(2) uptake between atmosphere, mesophyll evaporating surface, and ph...

Using ambient atmosphere instead of pure nitrogen environment enabled efficient recording of room temperature fluorescence from single molecules of porphycenes, chromophores with a high triplet formation efficiency. Double hydrogen transfer between two chemically identical trans tautomers has been demonstrated for parent porphycene and three alkyl derivatives by the analysis of spatial patterns...

Hydroxyacetone (HA) is mainly produced in the atmosphere from oxidation of hydrocarbons of the type, CH3(R)C=CH2. Tuazon and Atkinson (1990) reported HA yield of 41% from the OH-initiated oxidation of methacrolein in the presence of NOx. Since methacrolein is a major product of isoprene oxidation (Carter and Atkinson, 1996), isoprene, a key biogenic hydrocarbon, is therefore expected to be an i...

In this manuscript a near-room temperature crystallization process of anodic nanotubes from amorphous TiO2 to anatase phase with a fast 30 minutes treatment is reported for the first time. This method involves the exposure of as-grown TiO2 nanotubes to water vapor flow in ambient atmosphere. The water vapor-crystallized samples are deeply investigated in order to gain a whole understanding of t...

Plasma generation over large areas using a hollow cathode discharge is described in this study. Radio frequency linear hollow cathodes in several arrangements, for operation at reduced gas pressure and suitable for scale-up, are presented. Examples of surface processing and coating by PVD, both by hollow cathode discharge (HCD) and hollow cathode arc (HCA), are given. A non-equilibrium atmosphe...

The photophysical properties of films of organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites under different ambient conditions are herein reported. We demonstrate that their luminescent properties are determined by the interplay between photoinduced activation and darkening processes, which strongly depend on the atmosphere surrounding the samples. We have isolated oxygen and moisture as the key element...