Hearing loss, vestibular disorders and damaged eyesight can be the result of axonal degeneration (Int Jour Ped Otrlaryn, 61:1-15; Inst Opthalm, 7:109-125). Improper functioning of the myelin sheath may be responsible for this degeneration, due to its role in conducting chemical and electrical neural signaling. Investigation of myelin degeneration requires understanding of normal myelinogenesis ...

Tuberculosis is a serious disease caused by infection with the germ Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Sputum sample analysis is a common method for TB bacilli detection. In some cases, tissue from the suspected system is also obtained using bronchoscope or fine needle aspiration for diagnosis. The ZiehlNeelsen stain or acid-fast stain is a special stain used to identify the TB bacilli. The preparatio...

To obtain as much information as possible from light-microscopy about changes in the glomerular basement-membrane, a thin section microtome attachment is necessary in order to produce 1 to 3 micron sections. The most informative staining method of paraffin embedded tissue is the Muller-Mowry-Masson trichrome (M-M-M) combination stain. The deposits, e.g., in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), s...

Nocardiosis results from infection with bacteria of genus Nocardia, which are saprophytic aerobic actinomycetes that commonly reside in soil relatively and inactive on standard biochemical tests. Pulmonary systemic nocardiosis is common adult males, almost all being sporadic, tuberculosis endemic regions usually seen individuals deficient cell mediated immunity. It may present as pneumonia, emp...

Background: A confirmatory diagnosis of tuberculoid (TL) and borderline TL (BTL) leprosy is dependent on the demonstration nerve involvement within granuloma or acid-fast bacilli. It very difficult to identify elements in hematoxylin eosin (H&E) stains. S-100 stain this study used highlight so as reach a definitive leprosy. Aim Objectives: The aim was demonstrate various changes nerves diff...

Due to increasing numbers of patients with documented infections with Cryptosporidium and other coccidia, it is important for the physician and clinical laboratory to be aware of the appropriate diagnostic techniques necessary for organism recovery and identification. Although Cryptosporidium is found in the gastrointestinal tract, tissue biopsies may be insufficient for organism recovery; the ...

Pathological diagnosis relies on the visual inspection of histologically stained thin tissue specimens, where different types stains are applied to bring contrast and highlight various desired histological features. However, destructive histochemical staining procedures usually irreversible, making it very difficult obtain multiple same section. Here, we demonstrate a virtual stain transfer fra...

Pathology is practiced by visual inspection of histochemically stained slides. Most commonly, the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain used in diagnostic workflow it gold standard for cancer diagnosis. However, many cases, especially non-neoplastic diseases, additional "special stains" are to provide different levels contrast color tissue components allow pathologists get a clearer picture. In thi...

BACKGROUND The incidence of many fungal and parasitic lesions are on the rise over the last few decades. In this study, we have analyzed the spectrum of non-malignant lesions in adrenal gland diagnosed on fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in a tertiary health care center. METHODS FNAB of the adrenal gland was done under CT (4 cases) and ultrasound guidance (11 cases). In six cases, the les...

Method: Three hundred and twenty-nine patients were included in this study during the period from October 2004 to January 2006. The patients were examined for the presence of acid-fast bacilli. Thin bacterial smears were prepared and stained by Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) stain. Two tubes of the Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium were inoculated with 20 μl of the neutralized sputum sample that was obtained f...