Human ether-à-go-go-related gene 1 (hERG1) channels conduct the rapid delayed rectifier K+ current, I(Kr), an important determinant of action potential repolarization in mammals, including humans. Reduced I(Kr) function caused by mutations in KCNH2 or drug block of hERG1 channels prolongs the QT interval of the electrocardiogram and increases the risk of ventricular fibrillation and sudden card...

PURPOSE: In the UK, primary care databases include repeated measurements of health indicators at the individual level. As these databases encompass a large population, some individuals have extreme values, but some values may also be recorded incorrectly. The challenge for researchers is to distinguish between records that are due to incorrect recording and those which represent true but extrem...

We present an alternative simulation run allocation scheme for maximizing efficiency in simulation experiments for decision making under uncertainty. The issue of simulation efficiency is addressed from two perspectives: i) We want to minimize the total computation cost, with a constraint that the overall simulation quality must be higher than a desired level; ii) we would like to maximize the ...

A new method arising from a gauge-theoretic approach to general relativity is applied to the formation of clusters in an expanding universe. The three cosmological models (Ω0=1, ΩΛ=0), (Ω0=0.3, ΩΛ=0.7), (Ω0=0.3, ΩΛ=0) are considered, which extends our previous application (Lasenby et al. 1999, Dabrowski et al. 1999). A simple initial velocity and density perturbation of finite extent is imposed...

Infrared (IR) and Raman spectra of a sphingomyelin (SM) bilayer have been calculated for the amide I, II and A modes and the double-bonded CC stretching mode by a weight averaged approach, based on an all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and a vibrational structure calculation. Representative structures and statistical weights of SM clusters connected by hydrogen bonds (HBs) are observed...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE White matter lesions (WMLs) have been shown to be associated with the risk of stroke in previous studies but little is known about the prediction of other vascular events. We evaluated the risk of stroke and other vascular events according to WML volume in a large population-based sample. We also studied WML volume by type (deep or periventricular) in relation to these ev...

Solution Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (31P NMR) spectroscopy coupled with enzymatic hydrolysis (EH) with commercially available phosphatases was used to characterize phosphorus (P) compounds in extracts of the dominant aquatic macrophytes and algae in a eutrophic lake. Total extractable organic P (Po) concentrations ranged from 504 to 1643 mg kg-1 and 2318 to 8395 mg kg-1 for aquati...