The immersion precipitation process makes most commercial polymeric membranes, which enjoy widespread use in water filtration and purification. In this work, a ternary Cahn-Hilliard formulation incorporating a Flory-Huggins homogeneous free energy function is used to model both initial diffusion and the liquid-liquid demixing stage of the immersion precipitation process, which determines much o...

OBJECTIVE Sensor characteristics and performance of three real-time monitors for volatile organic compounds (VOC monitor) equipped with a photo ionization detector (PID), a sensor using the interference enhanced reflection (IER) method and a semiconductor gas sensor were investigated for 52 organic solvent vapors designated as class 1 and class 2 of organic solvents by the Ordinance of Organic ...

A nanocomposite capable of simultaneously controlling multiple water pollutants (soluble organic dye and insoluble chemical solvent) has been obtained. The Au and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were modified on a graphene oxide (GO) surface via light reduction and covalent attachment. The obtained Fe3O4-Au-GO nanocomposite has magnetic driving ability and catalytic applications. The nanocomposite ca...

We study the causes of the observed tunable hydrophobicity of poly(styrene-co-perfluoroalkyl ethylacrylate) electrosprayed in THF, DMF, and THF:DMF (1:1) solvents. Under the assumption that equilibrium morphologies in the solvent significantly affect the patterns observed on electrosprayed surfaces, we use atomistic and coarse-grained simulations supported by dynamic light scattering (DLS) expe...

Introduction Whiteboards have, for the most part, replaced the traditional chalk board in the classroom setting. Potential for exposures to individual users has been investigated. For one user, even with heavy use, the maximum solvent exposure measured is <2 ppm of solvent. CPSC has recently been contacted by school systems that describe a new use of these markers. Whiteboards are cut up into s...

When adult worms of the acanthocephalan parasite, Polymorphus minutus, are incubated for 4 hr. at 417 ±0-5° C. under near-anaerobic conditions in a balanced salt solution containing radioactive glucose, they excrete two substances which contain approximately equal amounts of radioactivity. It was suspected that these metabolites might be organic acids. They were found to be non-volatile, dialys...

Volatile organic compounds of Amorpha fruticosa honey samples were isolated by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and ultrasonic solvent extraction (USE), followed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry analyses (GC, GC-MS), in order to obtain complementary data for overall characterization of the honey aroma. The headspace of the honey was dominated by 2-phenylethanol (38.3-5...

Background: Paint thinner is a highly toxic chemical solvent, that when inhaled has many psychoactive properties. Chronic abuse of inhalants in humans leads to pronounced neurobiological and neuropsychological impairments; however, limited studies have demonstrated the cytotoxic effects of exposure to organic solvents in its complex mixture form. Objectives: Neuronal cells could be affected by ...

Presently, both direct vapor partitioning and solvent extraction methods of sample preparation are commonly used for the characterization of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in soil. These two approaches of recovering VOCs from this matrix, and other forms of solid waste, are often used interchangeably without any recognition of how different parameters (enviromental and procedural) influence ...

Exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from bridge painting was measured in New York City and New Jersey during the summer and fall seasons from 2005 to 2007. The effect of painting activities (paint coating layer, confinement setup, and application method) and meteorological conditions (temperature, humidity, and wind speed) on solvent exposure to aromatic, ketone, ester, and alkane com...