With the emergence of the response to climate change as a global agenda, UNFCCC member countries must report their Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions and absorptions. With conventional carbon emission estimation methods such as the IPCC Guideline, however, it is impossible to measure reduction of carbon emissions by U-City services. Therefore, this study proposed estimating carbon emission reductio...

Estimating the emission consequences of surface transportation operations is a complex process. Decision makers need to quantify the air quality impacts of transportation improvements aimed at reducing congestion on the surface street network. This often requires the coupling of transportation and emission models in ways that are sometimes incompatible. For example, most macroscopic transportat...

Urban sprawl oft en leads to rapid expansion and haphazard developments of low density residential land uses that are spatially disjoined. Populations occupying these new developments are expected to contribute to increased traffi c volumes and vehicle emissions through increased home-work journeys. Computer simulation is one of few feasible approaches to model projected trends of local communi...

This paper considers the effect of active speed management on traffic-induced emissions. In particular, the traffic emissions caused by acceleration and deceleration of vehicles are modelled based on an instantaneous emission model integrated with a microscopic traffic simulation model. The emission model is based on empirical measurements which relate vehicle emission to the type, the instanta...

The aim of this report is to review the possible ways to reduce carbon emissions from the transport sector through the application of an emissions trading scheme and make recommendations regarding the most appropriate methods and timeframes for implementation of such schemes. The main elements of emissions trading schemes are introduced, including the establishment of an emissions target, metho...

To facilitate the efforts to identify greenhouse gas (GHG) and criteria air pollutants (CAP, representing CO, VOC, NOx, SOx, PM10 and PM2.5) emission-reduction opportunities that may be specific to particular regions, this paper intends to estimate regional differences in life-cycle GHG and CAP emissions from light-duty vehicles in the US, using the GREET (the Greenhouse gases, Regulated Emissi...

A fuel-based method for estimating heavy-duty diesel truck emissions is described. In this method, emission factors are normalized to fuel consumption; vehicle activity is measured by the amount of diesel fuel consumed. For the San Francisco Bay Area during summer 1996, on-road heavy-duty diesel trucks were estimated at the upper bound to emit 110 × 103 kg/day of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and 3.7 ×...