This paper proposes a vehicle detection and tracking system based on forward looking CCD camera. Vehicle tail light location information is employed to generate vehicle candidate, and tail light pair distance is used to adjust vehicle tracking window size. In vehicle detection step, it uses a back propagation neural network (BPNN) which is trained by Gabor feature set. BPNN verifies vehicle can...

vehicle routing problem (vrp) is one of the major problems in the transportation and distribution planning. in the most previous studies, the objective of vrp models was distance and vehicle related costs. however in many industrial cases along with routing distance, vehicle loading amount is a factor of cost function. in this paper, we formulate a mixed integer non-linear programming (minlp) m...

introduction: following a traumatic brain injury (tbi), the excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines is major cause of cerebral edema that can cause permanent neuronal loss. this study examined the changes in brain concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines il-1, il-6, tnf-α and tgf- after different doses of estrogen or progesterone treatment in brain-injured rats at 6 and 24 h post-in...

in recent years, reducing emissions has become an important issue. besides reducing the economic costs, reducing the fuel consumption decreases emissions, pollutant impact and increases society health as well. green vehicle routing problem are a major key to reduce hazardous effects of transportation such as air pollution, greenhouse gas (ghg) emissions, noise and the like. generally, the amoun...

In recent years, two-wheeled inverted pendulum vehicles realizing high mobility have been developed. In such vehicles, an inverted pendulum control system maintains the vehicle’s stability by only using the two driving parallel wheels. Therefore, the gravity center of the vehicle body with a passenger is higher than the wheel axis, and the vehicle is moved by leaning the vehicle body forward or...

This article models the multihop data-routing in vehicular ad-hoc networks as multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) four steps. First, that have impact on performance of network layer are captured and transformed into fuzzy sets. Second, sets characterized by membership functions (FMFs), which interpolated (curve fitting) based data collected from massive experimental simulations. Third, ana...