Meeting ever-tightening emission regulations and ambitious climate targets requires drastic efficiency improvements reduction across all sectors. Hybridization as an intermediary step towards electrification is a prominent approach to achieve this. Within the forestry sector, most equipment still relies on conventional mechanical or hydraulical drivetrains. This work focuses design of hybrid to...

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Lightning strikes to overhead transmission lines are a usual reason for unscheduled supply interruptions in the modern power systems. In an effort to maintain failure rates in a low level, providing high power quality and avoiding damages and disturbances, plenty of lightning performance estimation studies have been conducted and several design methodologies have been proposed. The protection o...

This paper describes the validation of a Remote Tower Control workplace. The study shows how Air Traffic Control Officers (ATCOs) observe traffic from a Tower Control Working Position at Airport Erfurt-Weimar (ERF) in comparison to a Remote Controller Working Position. The validation exercise targets low traffic density airports. Shadow-mode trials were used to cover perceptual, operational and...

beginning with a discussion of energy and exergy analysis definitions, the presented study provides a descriptive mathematical model for energy and exergy analysis for a co-current gas cooling tower. for this purpose using conservation laws of mass, energy and momentum, the variation of temperature and enthalpy of gas and liquid streams are predicted along the tower length and are used in order...

This paper focuses on the role which workload can play for work organisation in a future remote control tower center. Nowadays you can find a control tower next to each airport. A tower is equipped with a team of controllers which maintain the declared surface movement rate under all weather conditions within the aerodrome visibility operational level (AVOL) while maintaining the required level...

effect of oil neem seed extract and the neem kernel powder mixed with methanol 85% and ethanol 95% were investigated on two spotted spider mite (tetranychus urticae) under greenhouse (25 ± 5 °c and 40 ± 10% r. h.) and laboratory conditions. mortality percent of each above-mentioned solvent in different concertrations (0.03, 0.06, 0.09, 0.12, 0.15, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5%) by three methods (leaf dip, ...

As one of the main characteristics of seismic waves, apparent wave velocity has great influence on seismic responses of long-span suspension bridges. Understanding these influences is important for seismic design. In this article, the critical issues concerning the traveling wave effect analysis are first reviewed. Taizhou Bridge, the longest triple-tower suspension bridge in the world, is then...

Development of chemical industry and high vapor pressure of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been caused that these materials recently be considered as a source of air pollution. These are different methods for separation of VOC from air that absorption by suitable and selective solvent is an efficient method. In this research, mathematical modeling of a packed absorption tower for separa...