Background and Objectives: Little is known about the association between tamoxifen use and Alzheimer's disease in women with breast cancer. The study aimed to explore the association between tamoxifen use and Alzheimer's disease in aged women with breast cancer in Taiwan. Methods: We conducted a retrospective nationwide case-control study using the database of the Taiwan National Health Insuran...

BACKGROUND CYP2D6 is a key enzyme in tamoxifen metabolism, transforming it into its main active metabolite, endoxifen. Poor CYP2D6 metabolizers (PM) have lower endoxifen plasma concentrations and possibly benefit less from treatment with tamoxifen. We evaluated tamoxifen dose adjustment in CYP2D6 PM patients in order to obtain plasma concentrations of endoxifen comparable to patients with exten...

BACKGROUND Tamoxifen has been US Food and Drug Administration-approved for primary prevention of breast cancer since 1998 but has not been widely adopted, in part because of increased risk of serious side effects. Little is known about the risk-benefit profiles of women who use chemoprevention outside of a clinical trial. We examined characteristics associated with initiation and discontinuatio...

The effects of silybinin, an antioxidant, on the pharmacokinetics of tamoxifen and its metabolite, 4-hydroxytamoxifen, were investigated in rats. A single dose of tamoxifen was administered intravenously (2 mg/kg) and orally (10 mg/kg) without or with silybinin (0.5, 2.5 and 10 mg/kg) to rats. Silybinin significantly altered the pharmacokinetics of orally administered tamoxifen. Compared to tho...

Tamoxifen is primarily used in the treatment of breast cancer. It has been approved as a chemopreventive agent for individuals at high risk for this disease. Tamoxifen is metabolized to a number of different products by cytochrome P450 enzymes. The effect of tamoxifen on the enzymatic activity of bacterially expressed human cytochrome CYP2B6 in a reconstituted system has been investigated. The ...

The ongoing dilemma over the optimal duration of tamoxifen both in adjuvant and chemopreventive settings is perhaps an inevitable consequence of its identity as a cytostatic rather than a cytotoxic agent (1). Although early in vitro studies revealed tumoricidal effects of tamoxifen, subsequent in vivo data confirmed that short-term tamoxifen acted as a tumoristatic agent and suppressed mammary ...

BACKGROUND Over the past few years, data have been published concerning the relative efficacy and safety profiles of tamoxifen and the aromatase inhibitors (AIs) in the adjuvant therapy setting for women with early hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Recently, debate has centred around trials which have studied primary tamoxifen and AI therapy, switching and sequencing strategies and exten...

Previous studies suggest that hormone therapy may play an important role in the development of meningioma. However, it is unclear whether medication with tamoxifen can prevent meningioma. Our study cohort included all women who were diagnosed with breast cancer between 1961 and 2010, and a total of 227 535 women were identified with breast cancer with a median age at diagnosis of 63 years. Wome...

Tamoxifen citrate (ICI46474) is an antiestrogenic agent used in cases of disseminated breast carcinomas and as adjuvant postoperative therapy. Toxic reactions to tamoxifen, such as decreased visual acuity, bilateral macular edema, and yellow-white dots in the paramacular and foveal areas, are relatively rare (reported incidence between 0.9%-12%). In 1978, Kaiser-Kupfer and Lippman first reporte...

Tamoxifen has long been used as a treatment for advanced and metastatic estrogen receptor positive breast cancer and also for reducing incidences of breast cancer in high-risk populations. Tamoxifen exerts its effects as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), thus binding to estrogen receptors and inhibiting estrogen activity. But this activity, along with the genotoxic effects of Tamo...