4 Corresponding author: charles_van_riper@ usgs.gov; 520-491-0721 ABSTRACT: We studied great gray owls (Strix nebulosa Forster) in Yosemite National Park, California, measuring variables that could potentially influence patterns of occurrence and conservation of this stateendangered species. We found that owl presence was closely tied to habitat (red fir (Abies magnifica A. Murray) and the abun...

We investigated two methods to create white pine and red maple snags in a forested setting. The first involved injecting trees with ethanol at two times (single Ethanol (ETOH) and double ETOH injections) to increase attractiveness to insects and elicit attacks on trees. The second method was unique to white pines and involved both injection treatments in combination with baiting trees with Ips-...

Mountain pine beetles periodically infest pine forests in western North America, killing many or most overstory pine stems. The surviving secondary stand structure, along with recruited seedlings, will form the future canopy. Thus, even-aged pine stands become multiaged and multistoried. The species composition of affected stands will depend on the presence of nonpines and outbreak severity, am...

Few old-growth stands remain in the matrix of secondary forests that dominates the eastern North American landscape. These remnant stands offer insight on the potential carbon (C) storage capacity of now-recovering secondary forests. We surveyed the remaining old-growth forests on sites characteristic of the general Mid-Atlantic United States and estimated the size of multiple components of for...

The most comprehensive dataset of in situ destructive sampling measurements of forest biomass in Eurasia have been compiled from a combination of experiments undertaken by the authors and from scientific publications. Biomass is reported as four components: live trees (stem, bark, branches, foliage, roots); understory (above- and below ground); green forest floor (above- and below ground); and ...

The numerous different mathematical methods used to solve pattern recognition snags may be assembled into two universal approaches:the decision-theoretic approach and the syntactic (structural) approach. In this paper,at first syntactic pattern recognition method and formal grammars are described and then has been investigated one of the techniques in syntactic pattern recognition called top –d...

This paper describes an unmanaged 193Os-era pine-hardwood stand on ;I minor stream terrace in Ashley County, AR. Probably inventoried as a part of an early growth and yield study, the sample plot was approximately 3.2 ha in si,e and contained at least 21 tree species. Loblolly pine comprised 39.1 o/c of all stems, followed by willow oak (12.7(h), winged elm (9.6’S), sweetgum (7.8%), water oak (...

Even though in recent decades a bulk of studies have been accomplished on the use communicative language teaching (CLT) English as foreign (EFL) environments, fairly limited numbers precisely dealt with investigating attitudes teachers, students and supervisors concerning principals CLT context Iraq. Henceforth, this study was designed to delve into learners about implementation. To end, using ...

Windthrow is a common occurrence in boreal forests, affecting wood supply and presenting regeneration challenges for forest managers. Salvage harvesting often conducted afterwards to extract valuable improve access renewal activities. Research efforts, however, are generally limited the effects of windthrow salvage first few years following disturbance. In 2006, catastrophic wind event occurred...

knowledge of the stand condition and the gradual replacement of tree species in different development stages and phases provide appropriate information related to the close to nature treatments. stem exclusion phase is one of the important development phases in the forest stands development. the aim of study was to analyze the characteristics of dead trees in the stem exclusion phase in the les...