Using Mobile Ad Hoc Networks as a way to break the dependency of mobile communications on permanent infrastructure has been an active area of research for several years, but only more recently has consideration been given to the economics of a distributed mobile service. In particular, the topic of handling nodes that act selfishly or maliciously has not yet been explored in detail. In this pap...

In mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), available nodes must act as their own router and also rely on other nodes to relay communication packets. However, some intermediate nodes may refuse to forward packets to other nodes or discard route-discovery requests from others to save power, as much as those consumed during the message transmission phase. In order to prevent node selfishness, we have pro...

Mobile ad hoc networks are a new and challenging topic on mobile computing. A particular characteristic of ad hoc networks is their self-organization, what makes them highly dependable of the participants. Until recently, it was assumed that these networks would be composed of cooperative hosts, where their owners share a common goal. However, this assumption will probably be dropped due to the...

We have the Avatamsaka game Aruka [1] as a two-person game only with positive spillovers. In this game, selfishness would not be determined even if the agent selfishly adopted the strategy of defection. Individual selfishness could only be realized if the other agent cooperated. Any same-sized gain can be generated by either defection or cooperation. The sanction by defection as a reaction of t...

Henrich et al. reject the “selfishness axiom” within a narrowly-defined economic model, and are premature in claiming that they have demonstrated cross-cultural variability in “selfishness” as defined in broader evolutionary theory. We also question whether a key experimental condition, anonymity, can be maintained in the small, cohesive, social groupings employed in the study. The authors of t...

Vehicular ad hoc network is a kind of mobile networks which provides wireless communication between vehicles. In most cases, multi-hop needed, because the limited range transmission. The among nodes strictly relies on forwarding functionality intermediate nodes. Due to resource limitation, may exhibit selfishness and refuse bear tasks for others. this article, we defined two types selfish nodes...

The survey tries to review the various problems and their solution in Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) while routing the packets. In this paper, going to discuss and see the overview of various methods used in the DTN. They are simbet and bubble rap which are the DTN routing algorithm and is used for identify the bridge nodes using betweenness centrality and similarity metrics in the network. Then ...

In human societies, social behaviour is strongly influenced by threats of punishment, even though the threats themselves rarely need to be exercised. Recent experimental evidence suggests that similar hidden threats can promote cooperation and limit within-group selfishness in some animal systems. In other animals, however, threats appear to be ineffective. Here I review theoretical and empiric...