In the present study, the gap paradigm originally developed by Watson and Humphreys (1997) was used to investigate whether the process of visual marking can influence the perceptual salience of a target in visual search. Consistent with previous studies (Watson & Humphreys, 1997), the results showed that search was not affected by the presence of the preceding distractors when the target was re...

Gatekeeping theories have been a popular heuristic for describing information control for years, but none have attained a full theoretical status in the context of networks. This paper aims to propose a theory of Network Gatekeeping comprised of two components: Identification and Salience. Network Gatekeeping Identification lays out vocabulary and naming foundations through the identification o...

An ambiguous motion paradigm, in which the direction of apparent motion is determined by salience (i.e., the extent to which an area is perceived as figure versus ground), is used to assay the amplification of color by attention to color. In the red-green colored gratings used in these experiments, without attention instructions, salience depends on the chromaticity difference between colored s...

In this study we examined how authority-related epistemological beliefs (AREBs) affect the evaluation of web search results presented by a search engine. Moreover, we investigated whether increasing the salience of source information on a search engine result page fosters students’ evaluation processes, and whether the salience of source information moderates the effects of AREBs. Thirty univer...

The purpose of the research was to integrate a multidimensional approach to fear of personal death with terror management theory. In Study 1, 190 students were divided according to the manipulation of death salience and the intrapersonal and interpersonal aspects of fear of death and were asked to judge transgressions that have either intrapersonal or interpersonal consequences. Study 2 was a c...

This study examined the relations of the salience and elaboration of gay and straight possible selves to subjective well-being (SWB) and ego development (ED) in a sample of 107 gay men and lesbians, who wrote narrative descriptions of their straight and gay best possible selves and rated the salience of these narratives (i.e., the clarity of the mental image, how easy it was to imagine). Indepe...

In this article, we examine how emotional and perceptual stimulus factors influence visual search efficiency. In an initial task, we run a visual search task, using a large number of target/distractor emotion combinations. In two subsequent tasks, we then assess measures of perceptual (rated and computational distances) and emotional (rated valence, arousal and potency) stimulus properties. In ...

Participants (N = 280) reviewed 20 fictional research summaries of studies examining the relation between similarity and attraction. Although there were some inconsistencies across the fictional studies, there was a positive relation overall (d = 0.2). The authors manipulated the salience of the titles and the serial order in which the studies were presented without changing the results of the ...

A Salience Theory of Choice Errors We study a psychologically based foundation for choice errors. The decision maker applies a preference ranking after forming a ‘consideration set’ prior to choosing an alternative. Membership of the consideration set is determined both by the alternative specific salience and by the rationality of the agent (his general propensity to consider all alternatives)...

The paper presents an implemented model for priming speech recognition, using contextual information about salient entities. The underlying hypothesis is that, in human-robot interaction, speech recognition performance can be improved by exploiting knowledge about the immediate physical situation and the dialogue history. To this end, visual salience (objects perceived in the physical scene) an...