A self-consistent rate equation (RE) approach to submonolayer growth on a one-dimensional surface is presented. This approach explicitly takes into account the existence of gaps between clusters and can successfully predict the coverage dependence of the average densities of monomers N1, and clusters, N . It also implies an unusual dependence for the monomer-monomer capture number 1 as a functi...

abstract - one of the important problems in grid environments is data replication in grid sites. reliability and availability of data replication in some cases is considered low. to separate sites with high reliability and high availability of sites with low availability and low reliability, clustering can be used. in this study, the data grid dynamically evaluate and predict the condition of t...

DNA replication in bacteriophage T4 requires the assembly of a structure called the "sliding clamp" near the 3' end of the DNA strand that is to be extended. This structure is a trimer ring of the T4 gene 45 product (gp45) and serves to regulate the processivity of the DNA polymerase within the T4 DNA replication system. The placement of this ring is performed by an ATPase complex of the produc...

Coronaviruses are the largest RNA viruses, and their genomes encode replication machinery capable of efficient replication of both positive- and negative-strand viral RNAs as well as enzymes capable of processing large viral polyproteins into putative replication intermediates and mature proteins. A model described recently by Sawicki et al. (S. G. Sawicki, D. L. Sawicki, D. Younker, Y. Meyer, ...

A complication in the analysis of the role of ICP34.5 gene in the herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) lifecycle is the presence of overlapping antisense gene, open reading frame P (ORF P), which is also deleted in HSV-1 ICP34.5 negative mutants. A HSV-1 wild type strain (17+) ICP34.5/ORF P deletion mutant (1716) is totally avirulent in animal models and impaired in a number of in vitro function...

Background and Aims: Oncolytic reoviruses can infect and kill malignant cells while sparing their normal counterparts. Reoviral infection can induce or activate autophagy, even though metformin can induce autophagy. Identifying and regulating the cellular pathways important for reovirus replication and oncolysis can improve targeted-biological therapies for cancer. Here, the autophagic process ...

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) contains a viroid-like circular RNA that replicates via a double rolling circle replication mechanism. It is generally assumed that HDV RNA is synthesized and remains exclusively in the nucleus until being exported to the cytoplasm for virion assembly. Using a [32P]orthophosphate metabolic labeling procedure to study HDV RNA replication (T. B. Macnaughton, S. T. Shi,...

The RTH1 nuclease is involved in the replication of chromosomal DNA as well as in the repair of DNA damage. Replication protein A (RPA) is also an integral part of the DNA replication and repair processes. We have investigated the roles(s) of RPA in the function of RTH1 nuclease, including its structure specific endonuclease activity. Initial in vitro studies, which employed a "flap" or a "pseu...