The pharmacokinetics of spray dried composition (1:1 PAL: K12) and pure PAL was evaluated following oral administration (0.8 mg/kg) in healthy female Sprague Dawley rats. The extent of the mean plasma exposures of PAL was 11-fold higher in animals treated with spray dried mixture of PAL, K12 (1:1) compared to animals treated with PAL. Spray drying of PAL with Plasdones, especially Plasdone K12,...

Primary pleural lymphoma is a rare entity. We report a 64-year-old-man with primary malignant lymphoma arising in the pleura with no history of persistent pyothorax. Chest computed tomography scan (CT) showed left pleural effusion with thickening of the parietal pleura. There were no intrapulmonary or mediastinal abnormalities. Analysis of pleural effusion did not detect empyema, tuberculosis, ...

BACKGROUND Massive hemoptysis mostly arises from the bronchial arteries; however, bleeding can also occur from a lesion in injured pulmonary arteries, such as pulmonary artery aneurysm/pseudoaneurysm (PAA/PAP), during pulmonary infection. CASE REPORT A 66-year-old man was admitted with a diagnosis of lung abscess in the right lower lobe that was complicated with pyothorax. Intravenous adminis...

BACKGROUND: This study is a followup to a previous study in which the optics of several progressive addition lens (PALs) designs were measured and analyzed. The objective was to provide information about various PAL designs to enable eye care practitioners to select designs based on the particular viewing requirements of the patient. METHODS: The optical properties of 12 lenses of the same powe...

The iterated regret minimization solution exhibits the good qualitative behavior as that observed in experiments in many games that have proved problematic for Nash Equilibrium(NE). It is worthy exploring epistemic characterizations unearthing players’rationality for an algorithm of Iterated Eliminations Regret-dominated Strategy (IERS) related to the solution. In this paper, based on the dynam...

BACKGROUND Prolonged pulmonary air leaks (PALs) are associated with increased morbidity and extended hospital stay. We sought to investigate the role of bronchoscopic placement of 1-way valves in treating this condition. METHODS We queried a prospectively maintained database of patients with PAL lasting more than 7 days at a tertiary medical center. Main outcome measures included duration of ...

BACKGROUND Results of studies to predict prolonged air leak (PAL; air leak longer than 5 days) after pulmonary lobectomy have been inconsistent and are of limited use. We developed a new scale representing the amount of early postoperative air leak and determined its correlation with air leak duration and its potential as a predictor of PAL. METHODS We grade postoperative air leak using a 5-g...