This study is a content analysis of the promotional methods used by the Fox Broadcasting Company (Fox) and the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) during the Super Bowl. It takes a comparative look at the promotional spots, or promos, each network aired, during Super Bowl XLV (2011) and XLVI (2012), spanning an hour before kick-off, the game, and through the post game show. The promos have been...

We study a supply chain in which a consumer goods manufacturer sells its product through a retailer. The retailer undertakes promotional expenditures, such as advertising, to increase sales and to compete against other retailer(s). The manufacturer supports the retailer’s promotional expenditure through a cooperative advertising program by reimbursing a portion (called the subsidy rate) of the ...

An examination of brand prices in several categories reveals that the distribution of prices is multi-modal with firms offering shallow and deep discounts. Another interesting feature of these distributions is that they may have holes in the interior of the support. These pricing distributions do not occur in extant theoretical models of price promotions. We develop a dynamic model of competiti...

The support of a set A is the crisp subset of A with nonzero membership grades. Similarly, the core of a set A is the crisp subset of A with membership grade equal to one. So, supp(A) = {x|μA(x) > 0} and core(A) = {x|μA(x) = 1}. (1.1.4) The α-cut Aα of a set A is the crisp subset of A with membership grades of at least α. So, Aα = α-cut(A) = {x|μA(x) ≥ α}. (1.1.5) Note that core(A) = 1-cut(A). ...

Article Accepted Version Richards, A. and Sen, B. (2013) An investigation into the viability of LibraryThing for promotional and user engagement purposes in libraries. It is advisable to refer to the publisher's version if you intend to cite from the work. Structured abstract Purpose: LibraryThing is a Web 2.0 tool allowing users to catalogue books using data drawn from sources such as Amazon a...

The effects of different levels of dietary cellulose on colonic crypt mitotic activity and colon carcinogenesis were studied in 190 male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were divided into groups and fed a basal fiber-free diet supplemented with either 0, 5, or 15% pure cellulose (w/w), for periods of 10 weeks (initiation stage) or 32 weeks (promotional stage). Half of the rats in each group were given...

AIM This paper describes adolescents' exposure to alcohol advertising in stores and to alcohol-branded promotional items and their association with self-reported drinking. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was administered in non-tracked required courses to sixth, seventh, and eighth graders (n = 2125) in three California middle schools. Logistic regressions compared the odds of ever (vs. neve...

In an effort to influence the market make purchasing decisions, promotional activities (promotional mix) are a better strategy combination, and entirely planned achieve sales objectives. Promotion is form of direct persuasion through use various incentives that can be arranged stimulate immediate purchase or increase number goods services by customers consumers. The research method used in this...

Guidelines for e-commerce website design deal well with the more objective aspects of page design, but have less to say about overall site structure and users' emotional responses. In this study we used a semiotic approach to investigate how several fashion websites provide affordances for navigation and produce affective responses. We gained some interesting insights into how users interpret t...

BACKGROUND Smoking in Hollywood movies is a known risk factor for teen smoking in the USA and Europe, but little is known about the association between exposure to tobacco use in Bollywood movies and teen tobacco use in India. METHODS A cross-sectional sample of 3956 adolescents (eighth and ninth grades, ages 12-16 years) from 12 randomly selected New Delhi schools was surveyed in 2009, asses...