Artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is one of the popular swarm intelligence algorithms. ABC has been developed by being inspired foraging and waggle dance behaviors of real bee colonies in 2005. Since its invention in 2005, many ABC models have been proposed in order to solve different optimization problems. In all the models proposed, there are only one scout bee and a constant limit value ...

Accumulators are proposed as a new type of high-level iteration construct for imperative languages. Accumulators are user-programmed mechanisms for successively combining a sequence of values into a single result value. The accumulated result can either be a simple numeric value such as the sum of a series or a data structure such as a list. Accumulators naturally complement constructs that all...

Many problems can be expressed in terms of a numeric constraint satisfaction problem over finite or continuous domains (numeric CSP). The purpose of this paper is to show that the consistency techniques that have been developed for CSPs can be adapted to numeric CSPs. Since the numeric domains are ordered the underlying idea is to handle domains only by their bounds. The semantics that have bee...

Online review systems (ORS) such as TripAdvisor or Yelp collect numeric evaluations from reviewers using interval scales. However, the UI of interval scales differ remarkably across ORS, even though prior research suggests that design cues of the interval scale can bias individual’s interpretation of the scale and thus the numeric evaluations. The impact of the UI on numeric evaluations is part...

This paper addresses the problem of automatic numeric recognition and understanding in spoken language dialogue. We show that accurate numeric understanding in ̄uent unconstrained speech demands maintaining robustness at several di€erent levels of system design, including acoustic, language, understanding and dialogue. We describe a robust system for numeric recognition and present algorithms f...