The primary objective of the current study was to determine the effect of moderate normobaric hypoxia exposure during constant load cycling on post-exercise energy metabolism recorded in normoxia. Indirect calorimetry was used to examine whole body substrate oxidation before, during, 40-60 min post, and 22 h after performing 60 min of cycling exercise at two different fractions of inspired oxyg...

Exposure to prolonged hypoxia can result in pulmonary vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension. Hypoxia induces pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cell (PVSMC) proliferation and vascular remodeling by affecting cell adhesion and migration and secretion of extracellular matrix proteins. We previously showed that acute hypoxia decreases cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) activity in PVSMC an...

Exercise blunts sympathetic alpha-adrenergic vasoconstriction (functional sympatholysis). We hypothesized that sympatholysis would be augmented during hypoxic exercise compared with exercise alone. Fourteen subjects were monitored with ECG and pulse oximetry. Brachial artery and antecubital vein catheters were placed in the nondominant (exercising) arm. Subjects breathed hypoxic gas to titrate ...

Jean, Jyh Chang, Yue Liu, Lou Ann Brown, Robert E. Marc, Elizabeth Klings, and Martin Joyce-Brady. -Glutamyl transferase deficiency results in lung oxidant stress in normoxia. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 283: L766–L776, 2002. First published May 3, 2002; 10.1152/ ajplung.00250.2000.— -Glutamyl transferase (GGT) is critical to glutathione homeostasis by providing substrates for glutathion...

OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of hypoxia and reoxygenation on the metabolism of chondrocytes and their response to interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta). The study included activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), NF-kappaB, and activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factors, expression of matrix components and metalloproteases and transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) and TGFbeta re...

Oxygen tension (PO2) was measured with microelectrodes within the retina of anesthetized cats during normoxia and hypoxemia (i.e., systemic hypoxia), and photoreceptor oxygen consumption was determined by fitting PO2 measurements to a model of steady-state oxygen diffusion and consumption. Choroidal PO2 fell linearly during hypoxemia, about 0.64 mmHg/mmHg decrease in arterial PO2 (PaO2). The ch...

Richardson, R. S., H. Wagner, S. R. D. Mudaliar, R. Henry, E. A. Noyszewski, and P. D. Wagner. Human VEGF gene expression in skeletal muscle: effect of acute normoxic and hypoxic exercise. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 46): H2247–H2252, 1999.—Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is involved in extracellular matrix changes and endothelial cell proliferation, both of which are pr...