A Ca2+-requiring catalytic RNA is shown to create 5' phosphate-phosphate linkages with all nucleotides and coenzymes including CoA, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, thiamine phosphate, thiamine pyrophosphate, and flavin mononucleotide. In addition to these small molecules, macromolecules such as RNAs with 5'-diphosphates, and nonnucleotide molecules like Nepsilon-phosphate arginine ...

Neurospora NADP-specific glutamate dehydrogenase that was treated with iodoacetate, iodoacetamide, or N-ethylmaleimide to block the thiol groups was cleaved with cyanogen bromide. Of the expected 10 peptides, based on a methionine content of 9 residues, 8 were obtained in pure form and 2 were handled as a mixture. The fragments ranged in size from 9 to 109 residues. In addition, there were isol...

The site of action of the inhibitors disalicylidenepropanediamine and pyrophosphate was more closely defined as acting on ferredoxin. Three inhibitors which act on the electron transport path between ferredoxin and NADP: disalicylidenepropanediamine, pyrophosphate, and phosphoadenosinediphosphate ribose, had no effect on photosynthesis in cell free preparations of Dunaliela parva at concentrati...

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), one of the most important coenzymes in the cells, is a substrate of the signaling enzyme CD38, by which NAD is converted to a second messenger, cyclic ADP-ribose, which releases calcium from intracellular calcium stores. Starting with 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoroarabinosyl-β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (ara-F NAD), a series of NAD analogues were synthesized ...

Nitrate reductase of the salt-tolerant alga Dunaliella parva could utilize NADPH as well as NADH as an electron donor. The two pyridine nucleotide-dependent activities could not be separated by either ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose or gel filtration on Sepharose 4B. The NADPH-dependent activity was not inhibited by phosphatase inhibitors. NADPH was not hydrolyzed to NADH and inor...

Apocynin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyacetophenone), isolated from the traditional medicinal plant Picrorhiza kurroa, is a naturally occurring methoxy-substituted catechol, experimentally used as an inhibitor of reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase.1 Activated neutrophil NADPH oxidase, a multisubunit complex composed of membrane-associated gp91phox (Nox2) and p22phox and c...

Two major species of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49) differing in size, pyridine nucleotide specificity, and susceptibility to inhibition by adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) were detected in extracts of Pseudomonas multivorans (which has recently been shown to be synonymous with the species Pseudomonas cepacia) ATCC 17616. The large species (molecular weight ca. 230,000) was acti...

In this study, to reveal the antioxidant potential of goat milk cells, activities glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and levels reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), total (tGSH),malondialdehyde (MDA), vitamin C (Vit C) protein (TP) in cells were determined correlations between these parameters evaluated. Milk samples collected from 19 ...

A number of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide analogues have been prepared in which the purine, pyridine, and ribose moieties have been modified (2-12). These analogues have proven to be valuable in studies dealing with the site of binding of the pyridine coenzyme to dehydrogenases, in elucidating the mechanism of dehydrogenases and the configuration of the pyridme coenzymes, and as indicators ...