In the 1990s, Colombia, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Costa Rica, and Brazil passed dual citizenship laws granting their expatriates the right to naturalize in the receiving country without losing their nationality of origin. I estimate the effects of these new laws on naturalization rates and labor market outcomes in the United States. Based on data from the 1990 and 2000 U.S. censuses, I f...

We conducted an online survey with 366 participants from Canada, India, the UK, and the US to compare privacy concerns and opinions about the collection of personal data by law enforcement and government agencies. We investigated what data participants were willing to share, in what circumstances participants were willing to allow data collection, what procedures companies should follow when th...

We analyzed positive QuantiFERON (QFT) assays, performed between July 2009 and April 2011 in the Mercy University Hospital, Cork, Ireland, which included, 94 patients with latent tuberculosis (LTBI) and 35 patients with active tuberculosis. There was no difference in the intensity of response between patients with LTBI and active tuberculosis (p = 0.1589). In patients with LTBI, there were no c...

Cross-national stability in private speech (PS) and short-term memory was investigated in Saudi Arabian (n = 63) and British (n = 58) 4- to 8-year-olds. Assumed differences in child-adult interaction between the 2 nationality groups led to predictions of Gender x Nationality interactions in the development of verbal mediation. British boys used more self-regulatory PS than British girls, wherea...

N O T E . Much of the analysis in this article is based on Allen N. Berger, Qinglei Dai, Steven Ongena, and David C. Smith, "To What Extent Will the Banking Industry Be Globalized? A Study of Bank Nationality and Reach in 20 European Nations,'' Journal of Banking and Finance, vol. 27 (March 2003), pp. 383-415. The authors of the present article thank David Birks for making available the "Global...

The study of refugees necessarily starts from law, because despite episodes of politicallymotivated migration, as well as the notion of asylum, being a constant feature throughout history, the modern refugee institution is a legal one. As stated in Article 1A(2) of the 1951 UN Convention on the Status of Refugees and Stateless Persons, a refugee is a person who can, on a case-by-case or group b...

We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional survey of 4872 mothers (mostly Saudi) to study infant feeding patterns. Information was collected about their feeding practices with their youngest child using pre-tested questionnaires. About four-fifths of the mothers had received health education about breastfeeding, most often from medical staff; younger mothers tended to be better informed. Approxi...

STUDY OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to analyze season of birth effects on preferred sleep-wake cycle timing as assessed by Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). PARTICIPANTS AND MEASUREMENTS The MEQ was administered to a sample of 5,720 university students (3,851 Italians and 1,869 Spaniards; 3,877 female and 1,843 male; mean age 22.23 +/- 2.98 years). RESULTS Females preferred t...

Studies on tourists crowding are developed to explore the perception of crowding, and these studies indicate crowding influence on sustainable development of tourist destinations. This study aims to reveal the influential factors of tourists’ perceived crowding. We obtained data from interviewing over 400 tourists and five senior tourism officials in Xi’an, China. This study firstly applies fac...

The latest years the number of immigrants at Greece has increased dramatically. Their impact on the National Health System (NHS) has not been yet thoroughly investigated. This paper analyses the cost of immigrants to the NHS hospitals of the region of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace. The data are collected from 2005 to 2011 from five different hospitals and are analysed using linear mixed effects ...