family is a social-biological institution and it is one of the most fundamental institutions of society. this article explores the structure of the family institution in iran at the historical period from the taherid dynasty to mongols, to analyze the impact of the bondswomen on twofold function of the family. the family is taken into consideration as the institution which has been provided the...

yarghv was the exclusive mongol jurisdiction court to resolve claims and disputes in various fields and was formed in most areas of the mongol empire, including the patriarch of iran (654-750 ah). the court mostly took place for political and some economical and social crimes, in mongol military camps. in this court, some methods similar to islamic courts were used, such as testimony, forced co...

The article examines the problematic and key issues of Russian historiography, theoretical methodological aspects Mongolian revolution 1921. Topicality study is due to fact that current scientific discourse pays great attention revolutionary processes in a broader historical context, with involvement new approaches, previously unexplored materials. 1921 became turning point on path socialist re...

The purpose of the study: based on analysis information from written sources and historiographic materials, to consider influence Kipchak factor process Kipchakization Mongols in Golden Horde. Research materials: work study materials monuments historiographical literature. results scientific novelty: it is revealed that assimilation into ethno-cultural environment took place three chronological...

This article presents the analysis of accounts Late Byzantine writers about food traditions and preferences Turks, Mongols, Latins according to works Manuel II Palaiologos, George Pachymeres, Constantine Stilbes, Demetrios Kydones. The aim investigation is consider ethnographic at written sources as a way identification peoples marker “otherness” “strangers” in texts. historical evidence polemi...

the decorative patterns of islamic pottery have widespread diversity including floral, geometric, inscriptional, animals and human patterns. beside these patterns, there is a group of composed animals including harpies, sphinxes, griffins etc that despite of their few presences, are among the most beautiful and most numinous patterns in islamic pottery. this paper intend to survey different asp...