Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is important in inflammatory skin diseases, including contact dermatitis (Th1 inflammation), atopic (Th2 and psoriasis (Th17 inflammation). In fact, molecularly targeted drugs against tumor necrosis factor (TNF), which both upstream downstream of NF-κB have been demonstrated to be effective diseases such as psoriasis. The linear ubiquitination by ubiquitin chain assemb...

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used to treat premature ovarian failure (POF). Different methods have already been applied to detect MSCs in tissues. This study aimed to investigate the quantitative distribution of CM-DiI-labeled human umbilical cord vein MSCs (hUCV-MSCs) in different regions of the ovarian tissue of the cyclophosphamide ( CTX )-induced POF in mice. Methods: Ad...

Accumulating evidence shows that gut microbial dysbiosis may represent a risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). Exercise has positive effect on microbiota in general. The of aerobic exercise training (AET) the environment PD remains to be explored. Here, we performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing feces from sham operated-mice (sham), mice model, and receiving AET (AET). Results indicated had no r...

objective(s):recent evidence have proposed that tretinoin produced in the gut preferentially promote differentiation of foxp3+treg cells but inhibits th17 lymphocytes, and this may be the main immunomdulatory mechanism of tretinoin  in vivo. this study was done to investigate the effects of tretinoin in outbred white mice after challenge with sheep red blood cells (srbc). materials and methods:...

glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity and neurodegeneration have been shown as pathophysiological hallmarks of multiple sclerosis (ms) and other autoimmune inflammatory cns disorders. n‑methyl‑d‑aspartate (nmda) receptors play a pivotal role in the mediation of neuronal glutamate excitotoxicity leading to cellular damage and apoptotic cell death. current treatment approaches targeting glutamate exc...

the use of liposome as an adjuvant and a vaccine carrier has been cited previously in the literature. it has also been shown to be effective in enhancing the immunogenicity of vaccine candidates. balb/c mice immunized subcutaneously with outer membrane protein (omp) of brucella abortus s19 vaccine strain entrapped in a commercial cationic liposome (s19-omp-liposome) for vaccine delivery, showed...

introduction: caloric restriction is a strategy applied for weight loss. water fasting is a popular way for obesity treatment. however, little is known about the impact of water fasting on weight. therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of short-term, repeated water fasting on the weight of mice. methods: in this study, the physiological effect of short-term, repeated wate...

background: the adjuvanticity potential of lactobacillus casei was first suggested in an old survey. the present study was designed to investigate the efficacy of a new immunotherapy against breast cancer made by mixing an extract of heated 4t1 mammary carcinoma cell line and a heat-killed preparation of lactobacillus casei. methods: female balb/c mice (6–8 weeks old, n=40) were challenged subc...

Recent studies have shown that glucocorticoids may have modulatory effect on anxiety reactions. This effect may occur with opioid system interference. According to that, the purpose of this research is to assess the effect of dexamethasone as glucocorticoid agonist and its interaction with opioidergic system on the anxiety modulatory effect in plus maze model in mice. Male white mice with mediu...

Abstract Sex is a significant contributor to the outcome of human infections. Males are frequently more susceptible viral, bacterial, and fungal infections, often attributed weaker immune responses. In contrast, heightened response in females enables better pathogen elimination but leaves predisposed autoimmune diseases. Unfortunately, underlying basis for sex-specific responses remains poorly ...