Literacy has been defined as one of the primary goals of the sustainable development. Two of the UN’s millennium goals pertain to education. This paper examines the importance of literacy to sustainability, the speed with which literacy spreads in a country, and identifies factors, which can accelerate the literacy transition. This paper suggests that most countries in the world are either in t...

7 www.erpublication.org  Abstract— The main objective of this paper is to provide a position sensorless control scheme for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive using a sliding mode observer (SMO). The rotor position and speed are estimated with only measuring stator voltages and currents. Compared with traditional SMO, the sign function is replaced by a sigmoid function in order to ...

It is argued that much of the observed magnetic helicity losses at the solar surface may represent a reduction of an otherwise more dominant nonlinearity of solar and stellar dynamos. This nonlinearity is proportional to the internal twist (as opposed to writhe) of helical and sigmoidal surface structures.

In this paper we s h o w that the loading problem for a 3-node architecture with sigmoidal activation is NP-hard if the input dimension varies, if the classiication is performed with a certain accuracy, and if the output weights are restricted.

For the minimal O(N) sigma model, which is defined to be generated by the O(N) scalar auxiliary field alone, all n-point functions, till order 1/N included, can be expressed by elementary functions without logarithms. Consequently, the conformal composite fields of m auxiliary fields possess at the same order such dimensions, which are m times the dimension of the auxiliary field plus the order...

Visual Cryptography (VC), proposed by Naor and Shamir, has numerous uses, including visual authentication and identification, image encryption and steganography for security purpose, and. In this paper Contrast the visual information based on pseudo randomization and pixel reversal using sigmoid function is also proposed. Keywords— Information hiding, Information Security, Halftone image, Visua...

We report the first realization of a biomolecular AND gate function with double-sigmoid response (sigmoid in both inputs). Two enzyme biomarker inputs activate the gate output signal, which can then be used as indicating liver injury, but only when both of these inputs have elevated pathophysiological concentrations, effectively corresponding to logic-1 of the binary gate functioning. At lower,...

Mixture models constitute a popular type of probabilistic neural networks which model the density of a dataset using a convex combination of statistical distributions, with the Gaussian distribution being the one most commonly used. In this work we propose a new probability density function, called the Π-sigmoid, from its ability to form the shape of the letter “Π” by appropriately combining tw...