Modification of low density lipoprotein (LDL), eg, by oxidation, has been proposed as being important for the formation of foam cells and therefore for the development of atherosclerotic plaques. There are a number of reports showing that macrophage-derived foam cells can proliferate in both human and animal lesions, particularly in the early phase of the disease and possibly involving macropha...

Rat serosal mast cells contain cytoplasmic secretory granules composed of a proteoglycan matrix in which histamine and neutral proteases are embedded. On stimulation, these granules are exocytosed, but some of them remain in the degranulation channels where on exposure to the extracellular fluid, they lose their histamine and a fraction of their proteoglycans. In vitro, such granule remnants ef...

Chain-breaking antioxidants such as butylated hydroxytoluene, alpha-tocopherol, and probucol have been shown to decrease markedly the oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein (LDL). Their mechanism of action appears to involve scavenging of LDL-lipid peroxyl radicals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of radical reactions produced during oxidation of LDL and L...

Activation of vascular inflammation in response to hyperlipidemia is believed to play an important role during the early stages of atherogenesis. We demonstrate here that exposure of cultured, rat aortic smooth muscle cells to low density lipoprotein (LDL) stimulated tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) mRNA and protein expression. Oxidative modification of LDL resulted in a reduction of thi...

We investigated a polyethylene glycol non-precipitable low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subfraction targeted by IgG and the influence of statin therapy on plasma levels of these small LDL-IgG-immune complexes (LDL-IgG-IC). LDL-subfractions were isolated from 6 atherosclerotic subjects and 3 healthy individuals utilizing iodixanol density gradient ultracentrifugation. Cholesterol, apoB and malondia...

A predominance of small, dense low-density lipoproteins (LDL) has been accepted as an emerging cardiovascular risk factor by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. LDL size seems to be an important predictor of cardiovascular events and progression of coronary heart disease and evidences suggests that both quality (particularly small, dense LDL) and quantity may i...

the affinity of low density lipoprotein (ldl) to its receptor is very important, because most of ldl-uptake pathway is done by the ldl receptor and the change in size of ldl particle and the modification in its components may affects the ldl affinity for its receptor. in this study, the effects of lipophilic agents such as vitamin e and seven volatile oils: anethol, eugenol, geraniol, limonene,...

Lipoprotein cholesterol (C) supports the high rate of progesterone production by the human placenta as endogenous cholesterol synthesis is low. To study underlying mechanisms whereby lipoproteins, including high density lipoprotein-2 (HDL2), stimulate progesterone secretion, trophoblast cells were isolated from human term placentas and maintained in primary tissue culture. Lipoproteins were add...

Conflicting reports exist about the effects of mildly or extensively oxidized low density lipoproteins (LDLs) on the reactivity of human platelets. This platelet response is mainly caused by modification of the protein and lipid moiety, giving rise to very differently modified species with hardly predictable properties. The aim of this study was to prepare oxidized LDL with modifications essent...