INTRODUCTION Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare atypical cellular disorder characterized by clonal proliferation of Langerhans cells leading to myriad clinical presentations and variable outcomes. It usually occurs in children and young adults. It can be present with local and systemic manifestation involving skin, bone, mucosal tissues and internal organs. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The ...

A 48-year-old woman presented with a history of premature menopause, polyuria, polydipsia, fever, and diffuse bony tenderness. Her evaluation revealed central diabetes insipidus, hypothalamic amenorrhea, an elevated free calcium on multiple occasions with an elevated 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D level, and osteoporosis by densitometry. Skeletal series revealed multiple lytic lesions involving the lo...

An immunohistochemical study was carried out on two types of dendritic immune cells, Langerhans cells and Thy-1-positive cells, in the epithelium of the forestomach of 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 8-week-old mice. Investigation focused on how both types of cells were distributed and might interact in the mucosal epithelium. Langerhans cells and Thy-1-positive dendritic cells appeared in mucosal epitheliu...

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a group of idiopathic disorders characterized by the proliferation of specialized bone marrow-derived Langerhans cells (LCs) and mature eosinophils. Its etiology is unknown but it could be due to antigenic stimulus of an infectious, genetic abnormality, deregulated immune response, or even clonal origin. Clinical presentation may be localized and systemic,...

Immunohistochemistry was used to identify, enumerate, and describe the tissue distribution of Langerhans type (CD1a and CD207), myeloid (CD1c and CD141), and plasmacytoid (CD303 and CD304) dendritic cell subsets in oral mucosa of allergic and non-allergic individuals. Allergic individuals have more CD141+ myeloid cells in epithelium and more CD1a+ Langerhans cells in the lamina propria compared...

UNLABELLED Langerhans cell sarcoma is a rare and aggressive high grade hematopoietic neoplasm with a dismal prognosis. It has a unique morphological and immunotypic profile with a CD1a/ langerin/S100 + phenotype. T cell lineage markers except for CD4 in Langerhans cell sarcoma have not been documented previously. We report a case of 86 year-old male of Caucasian descent who presented with an en...

Eph receptor tyrosine kinases and their ligands, the ephrins, have been primarily described in the nervous system for their roles in axon guidance, development, and cell intermingling. Here we address whether Eph receptors may also regulate dendritic cell (DC) trafficking. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis showed that DCs derived from CD34+ progenitors, but not f...

INTRODUCTION The discovery of a cure for diabetes is a dream of many medical researchers. The transplantation of Langerhans islets is a potential treatment of choice for patients with type 1 diabetes as a source of endogenous insulin for the recipient. OBJECTIVES The aim of the experiment was to transplant Langerhans islets without immunosuppression. To protect the grafts against transplant r...

Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a rare group of proliferative disorders. Beside cutaneous involvement, other internal organs can be affected. The treatment of cutaneous lesions is difficult and relies on topical corticosteroids, carmustine, nitrogen mustard, and photochemotherapy. Systemic steroids and vinblastine are used for recalcitrant skin lesions. However, some cases fail to respond. An ...