The antero-ventral periventricular zone (AVPV) and medial preoptic area (MPOA) have been recognized as gonadal hormone receptive regions of the rodent brain that-via wiring to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons-contribute to orchestration of the preovulatory GnRH surge. We hypothesized that neural genes regulating the induction of GnRH surge show altered expression in proestrus. Ther...

Puberty onset is initiated by activation of neurons that secrete gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). The timing and progression of puberty may depend upon temporal coordination of two opposing central mechanisms--a restraint of GnRH secretion before puberty onset, followed by enhanced stimulation of GnRH release to complete reproductive maturation during puberty. Neuronal estrogen receptor α...

Objective(s): Ghrelin is a peptide hormone that has been shown to have numerous central and peripheral effects. The central effects including GH secretion, food intake, and energy homeostasis are partly mediated by Kiss1- KissR signaling pathway. Ghrelin and its receptor are also expressed in the pancreatic islets. Ghrelin is one of the key metabolic factors controlling insulin secretion from t...

The role of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion was investigated in ovariectomised (OVX) ewes, which GnRH and luteinising (LH) had been restrained by treatment with oestrogen progesterone. Guide tubes for microinjection were placed above the median eminence (ME) animals allowed to recover 1 month. Jugular venous blood samples taken via cannulae at ...

Mammalian RF-amide peptides, which all share a conserved carboxyl-terminal Arg-Phe-NH2 sequence, constitute a family of five groups of neuropeptides that are encoded by five different genes. They act through five G-protein-coupled receptors and each group of peptide binds to and activates mostly one receptor: RF-amide related peptide group binds to NPFFR1, neuropeptide FF group to NPFFR2, pyrog...

Activation of KISS1 receptor (KISS1R or GPR54) by its ligands (Kisspeptins) regulates a diverse function both in normal physiology and pathophysiology. In cancer, KISS1R has been implicated in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis, but a broader evaluation of KISS1R in tumorigenesis and tumor progression is yet to be conducted. In this study, we used mouse models of Kiss1r gene knockout and mouse m...