type i diabetes mellitus (dm) is frequently associated with autoimmune thyroid disease (atd). association of atd and type i dm has been described with varying frequencies but there is still debate about the situation in the iranian population. we investigated the prevalence of anti thyroid peroxidase (anti-tpo) antibodies and atd in children and adolescents with type i dm. a total of 145 patien...

colorectal cancer (crc) metastasis to the thyroid gland is rare. here wereport a 45 yr-old man in western iran referred to hematology clinic, kermanshah city, iran in march 2014 with complaint of exertional dyspnea, multi-nodular goiter as well as complaint of exertional dyspnea, and multi-nodular goiter. his history included a low anterior resection of rectum in 9 months ago for a high-risk st...

Epidemiology Goiter: In iodine-deficient areas, goiter prevalence may be as high as 80%. After correction of iodine deficiency, prevalence decreases slowly over a generation’s time to but not below a few per cent. In iodine-sufficient areas, cross-sectional studies showed a decline in frequency of diffuse goiter and, in contrast, an increase of thyroid nodules and thyroid antibodies with age. F...

A 75-year-old woman with a longstanding history of a substernal thyroid goiter presented with acute shortness of breath, and she was intubated due to respiratory distress. Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a compressive substernal goiter with associated vascular compression, axillosubclavian thrombosis, and saddle pulmonary embolism. Weight-based heparin was immediately administered, and t...

BACKGROUND Use of recombinant human thyrotropin increases the thyroid radioiodine (iodine 131 [(131)I]) uptake and may have a role in the context of (131)I therapy of benign goiter. METHODS In a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 57 patients with nodular nontoxic goiter (51 women and 6 men) were randomized to receive either 0.3 mg of recombinant human thyrotropin (n = 28) or placebo (n =...

Introduction: Diffusely enlarged giant thyroid glands are becoming increasingly infrequent. However, in some geographical areas they are still relatively common. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is rare but is an aggressive and lethal malignancy. Since it is associated with severe complications, surgical treatment of giant goiter requires a high level of expertise. Material and Methods: Herein, a c...

introduction: a considerable portion of patients with depressive disorders do not respond properly to medical treatment and need electroconvulsive therapy (ect). on the other hand, as some beneficial effects of ect are attributed to increase in thyroid hormones, levothyronin is used as an adjuvant prior to ect. the aim of this study was to evaluate thyroid function changes after ect. methods: t...

Thyroid storm or thyroid crisis is an acute, life-threatening exacerbation and sudden releasing large amounts of thyroid hormone in a short period of time. Only 1%–2% of people with hyperthyroidism will develop thyroid storm[1]. Thyroidectomy was formerly the most common cause of thyroid crisis. Nowadays post thyroidectomy crisis is an uncommon incidence, because of preoperative testing and ear...

Objective: To find out the frequency and types of malignancy in patients treated surgically for nontoxicmultinodular goiter its correlation different age groups gender.
 Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
 Place Duration Study: Department ENT, Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Dec 2018 toDec 2019.
 Methodology: A total 116 operated nontoxic multinodular were included ...

F. Bandeira et al. (eds.), Endocrinology and Diabetes: A Problem-Oriented Approach, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-8684-8_2, © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 The term thyrotoxicosis applies to a clinical condition resulting from increased thyroid hormone action. It can result from excess thyroid hormone synthesis followed by release for which the term hyperthyroidism is applicable. Thyro...