Burkholderia species are free-living bacteria with a versatile metabolic lifestyle. The genome of B. fungorum LB400 is predicted to encode three different pathways for formaldehyde oxidation: an NAD-linked, glutathione (GSH)-independent formaldehyde dehydrogenase; an NAD-linked, GSH-dependent formaldehyde oxidation system; and a tetrahydromethanopterin-methanofuran-dependent formaldehyde oxidat...

The diffusion of fixatives is slow. Early work using plasma gels and animal tissues showed the distance penetrated by a fixative to be a simple function of the fixation time but this relation has not been established in human tissues. The rates of diffusion into whole human spleens were measured for three primary fixatives over periods ranging from one to 25 days. A positive correlation was dem...

An alternative protocol for freeze-substitution is described. Araldite/Epon embedding medium (20% in acetone) is first used as a stabilizer (as e.g., OsO(4)) and then as embedding medium. The major components of the Araldite/Epon resin formulation react with proteins and lipids and provide for an excellent preservation and reasonable visualisation of the ultrastructure. The ultrastructural appe...

Since Ledbetter and Porter (1964) described the 13 subunits which are visible in cross sections of negatively stained plant microtubules, subsequent observations have generally confirmed this number. By using Mizuhira's fixative composed of tannic acid and glutaraldehyde, it is easyto demonstrate the subunits of microtublules without optical reinforcement Cytoplasmic microtubules and sperm axon...

Poly urea-formaldehyde was synthesized simply and rapidly from urea and formaldehyde by condensation polymerization and studied for the sorption of trace acid blue from aqueous solution. The optimum pH value for sorption of the acid blue was 4. Experimental results showed that the sorption capacity of poly urea-formaldehyde for acid blue was determined. The synthetic polymer can be reused for 5...

Background: Formaldehyde (FA) is a member of aldehyde family with a simplest organic molecule, used in various industries. Since there is simultaneous exposure of formaldehyde and noise for workers in most of the workplaces and that noise can reinforce the harmful effects of some chemical pollutants. This study aimed to investigate the effects of simultaneous formaldehyde and noise exposure on ...

The underinvestigated derivatives of unstable phosphorylated formaldehyde acetals and some of the structurally related compounds, such as thioacetals, aminonitriles, aminomethylphosphinoyl compounds, are considered. Separately considered are halogen aminals of phosphorylated formaldehyde, acetals of phosphorylated formaldehyde of H-phosphinate-type and a phosphorylated gem-diol of formaldehyde....

A method to quantify sub-ppm levels of formaldehyde in acetone has been developed and it is reported here. In this method, the different reactivities and stabilities of sulfite with formaldehyde and acetone are used to separate the two carbonyl compounds. Sulfite reacts with formaldehyde to form hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS), the non-volatile and stable nature of which allows its separation fro...

Treatment of cells of a methanol yeast, Candida boidinii, with the cationic detergent cetyldimethylbenzyl-ammonium chloride (Cation M2) improved the production of formaldehyde. Formaldehyde production was improved twofold with respect to the initial amount of formaldehyde and 1.61-fold with respect to the final amount of formaldehyde after a 12-h reaction under optimized detergent treatment con...