Arginine vasopressin (AVP) synthesised in the parvocellular region of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and released into the pituitary portal vessels acts on the 1b receptor subtype (Avpr1b) present in anterior pituitary corticotrophs to modulate the release of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). Corticotrophin-releasing hormone is considered the major drive behind ACTH release; howeve...

The present study was designed to investigate the effect Hypericum Perforatum (HP), on behavioral changes, corticosterone, TNF-α levels and tryptophan metabolism and disposition in bilateral ovariectomized rats compared to 17α -ethinylestradiol. Behavioral analysis by measuring immobility time in forced swimming test and open field test, serum and hippocampal corticosterone and TNF-α along with...

The present study evaluated the correlation between the behavior of mice in the forced swimming test (FST) and in the elevated plus-maze (PM). The effect of the order of the experiments, i.e., the influence of the first test (FST or PM) on mouse behavior in the second test (PM or FST, respectively) was compared to handled animals (HAND). The execution of FST one week before the plus-maze (FST-P...

The role of the 5-HT(2C) receptor in mediating active behaviors in the modified rat forced swim test was examined. Three novel selective 5-HT(2C) receptor agonists, WAY 161503 (0.1-3.0 mg/kg), RO 60-0175 (2-20 mg/kg), and RO 60-0332 (20 mg/kg), all decreased immobility and increased swimming, a pattern of behavior similar to that which occurs with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluo...

Early-life stress is associated with depression and metabolic abnormalities that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Such associations could be due to increased glucocorticoid levels. Periodic maternal separation in the neonate and rearing in social isolation are potent stressors that increase hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis activity. Moreover, social isolation promote...

Coxsackievirus B-3 myocardiopathy was induced in weanling mice by intraperitoneal and intracerebral inoculations of the Nancy strain. Acute mortality was 5.5%. The cardiomyopathy is characterized by an early phase lasting about 9 days with myocardial necrosis, associated inflammation, and healing by fibrosis and calcification involving 25 to 50% of the contractile fibers in each affected mouse....

Individual differences in open-field activity and emotionality (number of defecations and urinations), voluntary wheel running, voluntary and forced maximal sprint running speed on a photocell-timed racetrack, swimming endurance, and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) were studied in 35 random bred male ICR mice. With the exception of latency in the open field and voluntary speed on a racetrac...