in plants, γ-aminobutyric acid (gaba) is synthesized by polyamine degradation pathway besides gaba shunt. aminoguanidine (ag) is a specific inhibitor of the key enzyme (diamine oxidase, dao) for gaba formation in polyamine degradation pathway. in this study, ag was applied to study the functions of polyamine degradation pathway on growth and gaba accumulation in germinating fava bean under hypo...

Design and detailing requirements of seismic provisions for concentrically braced frames ~CBF! were specified based on the premise that bracing members with low KL /r and b / t will have superior seismic performance. However, relatively few tests investigate the cyclic behavior of CBF. It is legitimate to question whether the compression member of CBF plays as significant a role as what has bee...

Utilizing a newly developed atomic-force-microscopy-based wide-frequency rheology system, we measured the dynamic nanomechanical behavior of normal and glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-depleted cartilage, the latter representing matrix degradation that occurs at the earliest stages of osteoarthritis. We observed unique variations in the frequency-dependent stiffness and hydraulic permeability of cartila...

In vertebrate animals, fibrillar collagen accumulates, organizes, and persists in structures which resist mechanical force. This antidissipative behavior is possibly due to a mechanochemical force-switch which converts collagen from enzyme-susceptible to enzyme-resistant. Degradation experiments on native tissue and reconstituted fibrils suggest that collagen/enzyme kinetics favor the retention...

The titin I27 module from human cardiac titin has become a standard in protein nanomechanics. A proline-scanning study of its mechanical clamp found three mechanically hypomorphic mutants and a paradoxically hypermorphic mutant (I27Y9P). Both types of mutants have been commonly used as substrates of several protein unfoldase machineries in studies relating protein mechanostability to translocat...