A 5 – 30 kHz, high voltage atmospheric pressure discharge device is being investigated as an excitation source for atomic emission spectroscopy. Electron excitation energy and molecular rotational temperature of nitrogen have been measured in this plasma at voltages of approximately 2 kV and average power levels of 130 300 Watts with a 2 mm gap between electrodes. Iron and titanium lines have b...

Recent research has indicated that submarine groundwater discharge (SGWD) is a significant component of the hydrologic cycle in coastal plain regions, and that discharged groundwater can be contaminated with nutrients and pesticides. Although discharge has been measured directly on a local level, a convenient method for determining the spatial distribution of SGWD on a regional scale using read...

Nitriding of p-type Si samples by pulsed DC glow discharge is carried out for different Ar concentrations (30% to 90%) in nitrogen-argon plasma whereas the other parameters like pressure (2 mbar), treatment time (4 hr) and power (175 W) are kept constant. The phase identification, crystal structure, crystallinity, chemical composition, surface morphology and topography of the nitrided layer are...

In the context of emission trading it seems to be taken as given that people's preferences can be ignored with respect to the whole process of fixing emission targets and allocating emission permits to polluters. With this paper we want to reopen the debate on how citizens can be involved in this process. We try to show how citizen preferences can be included in the process of pollution control...

The capillary discharge soft X-ray laser is a promising scheme with its long capillary plasma column that is efficiently generated by the fast current pulse of about several 10s ns. In this study, the possibility of a recombination soft X-ray laser will be discussed in anticipation of realizing a 13.4 nm H-like N EUV laser. Evolution of EUV emission from nitrogen plasma with number density of 1...