Abstract Background Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are almost universally delayed in the acquisition of spoken language as primary means communication so they tend to have restricted outcomes terms independence and integration. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a promising, emerging tool for study (study modulate excitability plasticity, applied single pulses investigate ...

This review describes the subjective experience of visual aura in migraine, outlines theoretical models this phenomenon, and explores how these may be linked to neurochemical, electrophysiological, psychophysical differences sensory processing that have been reported migraine with aura. Reaction–diffusion used model hallucinations thought arise from cortical spreading depolarisation depression ...

Transcranial stimulation techniques have revealed homeostatic-like metaplasticity in the hand area of the human primary motor cortex (M1(HAND)) that controls stimulation-induced changes in corticospinal excitability. Here we combined two interventional protocols that induce long-term depression (LTD)-like or long-term potentiation (LTP)-like plasticity in left M1(HAND) through different afferen...

Transduction of graded synaptic input into trains of all-or-none action potentials (spikes) is a crucial step in neural coding. Hodgkin identified three classes of neurons with qualitatively different analog-to-digital transduction properties. Despite widespread use of this classification scheme, a generalizable explanation of its biophysical basis has not been described. We recorded from spina...

24 Transcranial stimulation techniques have revealed homeostatic-like metaplasticity in the hand 25 area of the human primary motor cortex (M1HAND) that controls stimulation induced changes in 26 corticospinal excitability. Here we combined two interventional protocols which induce long27 term depression (LTD)-like or long-term potentiation (LTP)-like plasticity in left M1HAND 28 through differ...

Identified type A photoreceptors of Hermissenda express differential effects of classical conditioning. Lateral type A photoreceptors exhibit an increase in excitability to both the conditioned stimulus (CS; light) and extrinsic current. In contrast, medial type A photoreceptors do not express enhanced excitability, but do show enhancement of the medial B to medial A synaptic connection. Theref...

Pituitary adenylate cyclase (PAC)-activating polypeptide (PACAP) peptides (Adcyap1) signaling at the selective PAC1 receptor (Adcyap1r1) participate in multiple homeostatic and stress-related responses, yet the cellular mechanisms underlying PACAP actions remain to be completely elucidated. PACAP/PAC1 receptor signaling increases excitability of neurons within the guinea pig cardiac ganglia, an...

The work in this thesis concerns mechanisms of excitability of neurons. Specifically, it deals with how neurons respond to input, and how their response is controlled by ion channels and other active components of the neuron. I have studied excitability in two systems of the nervous system, the hippocampus which is responsible for memory and spatial navigation, and the peripheral C–fiber which ...

Maintenance of proper neuronal excitability is vital to nervous system function and normal behavior. A subset of Drosophila mutants that exhibit altered behavior also exhibit defective motor neuron excitability, which can be monitored with electrophysiological methods. One such mutant is the P-element insertion mutant bemused (bem). The bem mutant exhibits female sterility, sluggishness, and in...

Rationally, an increased intrinsic excitability of dorsal horn neurons could be a factor contributing to alter the gain of the nociceptive system during central sensitization, however direct evidence is scarce. Here we have examined this hypothesis using current and voltage-clamp recordings from dorsal horn neurons in the spinal cord in vitro preparation obtained from mice pups of either sex. C...