BACKGROUND Recent trials have shown that multifactorial fall interventions vary in effectiveness, possibly due to lack of adherence to the interventions. The aim of this study was to examine what proportion of older adults recognize their falls risk and prioritize for fall-preventive care, and which factors are associated with this prioritization. METHODS Observational study within the interv...

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide and in the US where it is the leading cause of cancer death in both males and females. The majority of cases present with metastatic disease that is currently not curable due to the lack of effective early detection and prevention measures and the inability of systemic therapies to cure metastatic disease. However, the recent decade ha...

BACKGROUND In Africa, an estimated 300-500 million cases of malaria occur each year resulting in approximately 1 million deaths. More than 90% of these are in children under 5 years of age. To identify commonly held beliefs about malaria that might present barriers to its successful treatment and prevention, we conducted a systematic review of qualitative studies examining beliefs and practices...

On May 5, 2009, the Obama Administration announced its intention to launch an ambitious United States governmental strategy for global health [1–3]. The US Global Health Initiative (GHI) proposes US$63 billion over 6 years (FY 2009–FY 2014), US$10.5 billion annually on average, approximately 70% of which would be spent on the US President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) [1]. If approp...

BACKGROUND Trials of intermittent preventive treatment in infants (IPTi) and children (IPTc) have shown promising results in reducing malaria episodes but with varying efficacy and cost-effectiveness. The effects of different intervention and setting characteristics are not well known. We simulate the effects of the different target age groups and delivery channels, seasonal or year-round deliv...

BACKGROUND To assess the effectiveness of the cholera prevention activities of the Peruvian Ministry of Health, we conducted a knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) survey in urban and rural Amazon communities during the cholera epidemic in 1991. METHODS We surveyed heads of 67 urban and 61 rural households to determine diarrhoea rates, sources of cholera prevention information, and knowl...

Higher incidence and worse outcomes of laryngospasm during general anesthesia in children than adults have been reported for many years, but few prevention measures are put forward. Efficacy of lidocaine in laryngospasm prevention has been argued for many years and we decided to design this network meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of lidocaine. We conducted an electronic search of six sourc...

BACKGROUND Dengue is prevalent among Malaysia's indigenous peoples, known as the Orang Asli, and it poses a serious health threat to them. The study aims to look at the socio-demographic factors, health beliefs, and knowledge about dengue and its association to dengue prevention practices among Orang Asli communities in Peninsular Malaysia. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 16...

BACKGROUND One of the most important risk factors for childhood depression is being the child of a depressed parent. These at-risk children have two to four times the probability of having an affective episode compared with their peers. Preventive interventions such as Beardslee's Preventive Intervention Program (PIP) that are targeted at children of depressed parents have proven effective in m...