Invasive species have transformed local, regional and global biotas; however, few generalities about the mechanisms driving impacts of invaders have emerged. To explain variation in impacts among studies, we propose a broad framework that separates drivers of impacts into universal and unique attributes of the invasive species and the invaded habitat. Universal attributes are relevant to all in...

Within the context of Western art music performance, intention is a fundamental key concept, generally viewed as a representation of the composer’s creative and interpretative intents. Even though intention is considered a decisive factor in performance, the focus is placed on the composer, and the performer’s own range of interpretative choices has been neglected. This issue is especially pert...

Data representation, data file specification, and the communication of data between software systems are playing increasingly important roles in clinical data management. This paper describes the concept of a self-documenting file that contains annotations or comments that aid visual inspection of the data file. We describe access of data from annotated files and illustrate data analysis with a...

S ignificant efforts to improve the situation of women in physics have been made in many countries . Everything from improving undergraduate education to funding university-level initiatives has been attempted in various countries. In spite of all the programmatic efforts, there are little to no international data documenting the specific areas in which efforts should be made. In this paper, we...

Since the Supreme Court’s 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision, researchers and policymakers have paid close attention to trends in school segregation. While Brown focused on black‐white segregation, here we review the evidence regarding trends and consequences of both racial and economic school segregation. In general, the evidence regarding trends in racial segregation suggests that the ...

This study provides a detailed magnetostratigraphic record of subsidence in the Linxia Basin, documenting a 27 Myr long sedimentary record from the northeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau. Deposition in the Linxia Basin began at V29 Ma and continued nearly uninterruptedly until V1.7 Ma. Increasing rates of subsidence between 29 and 6 Ma in the Linxia Basin suggest deposition in the foredeep po...

A main objective of ethnobotany is to document traditional knowledge about plants before it disappears. However, little is known about the coverage of past ethnobotanical studies and thus about how well the existing literature covers the overall traditional knowledge of different human groups. To bridge this gap, we investigated ethnobotanical data-collecting efforts across four countries (Colo...

Objective: To determine if the presence of an electromyographically demonstrated peripheral polyneuropathy involving the lower extremities is associated with falls. Design: Case control study. Setting: A University-based referral center. Patients: Twenty-five patients with an axonal peripheral polyneuropathy affecting the lower extremities, demonstrated by electromyography more than 8 and less ...

Vaginal deliveries – is there a need for documented consent? To the Editor: We thank Anthony et al.1 for responding to our article,2 which was not meant to be prescriptive but to prompt thought, initiate discussion and exchange ideas about the issues raised. We feel we have been successful in raising interesting points that need to be considered. We do not intend responding to every point but h...

Diabetics are at increased risk for coronary heart disease even after accounting for other risk factors, and the impact of diabetes mellitus may be particularly strong among females and at adverse levels of other risk factors. Therefore, the independent relation of diabetes to arteriographically-documented coronary artery disease (CAD) was examined in 5620 patients (18% female) referred to two ...