OBJECTIVE In mammals, high parental testosterone levels present around the time of conception are thought to skew offspring sex ratio toward sons. The second to fourth digit ratio (digit ratio) is now widely accepted as a negative correlate of prenatal testosterone. Thus, we investigated the association between digit ratio and offspring sex ratio. METHODS A total of 508 Korean patients (257 m...

BACKGROUND Comparative morphology identifies the digits of the wing of birds as 1,2 and 3, but they develop at embryological positions that become digits 2, 3 and 4 in other amniotes. A hypothesis to explain this is that a homeotic frame shift of digital identity occurred in the evolution of the bird wing, such that digits 1,2 and 3 are developing from embryological positions 2, 3 and 4. Digit ...

This study aimed to develop a new casemix classification system as an alternative method for the budget allocation of oral healthcare service (OHCS). Initially, the International Statistical of Diseases and Related Health Problem, 10th revision, Thai Modification (ICD-10-TM) related to OHCS was used for developing the software "Grouper". This model was designed to allow the translation of denta...

The nature of impairment in hand motor control after stroke and its relationship to hand function are still not well understood. In this study, we investigated digit independence in patients with subcortical stroke (n = 8) and moderate hand impairment, defined by wrist and hand Fugl-Meyer scale scores < or =25/33, and age-matched controls (n = 8). Subjects made cyclical flexion-extension moveme...

This is closely tied to the minimum weight to length ratio of cycles in the diagram, which is not obviously directly dependent on m. This observation should also be true about T,,,~” in Hemmati and Costello [3], though 7min is of the order of four to six times m for the examples they consider. The fact that low weight cycles in the state diagram cause the requirement that the guard space be lar...

Using ultra-high field 7 Tesla (7T) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we map the cortical and perceptual responses elicited by intraneural microstimulation (INMS) of single mechanoreceptive afferent units in the median nerve, in humans. Activations are compared to those produced by applying vibrotactile stimulation to the unit's receptive field, and unit-type perceptual reports are ...

This paper examines the relationship between input-output linkages and industry agglomeration by combining the strength of spatial econometrics and the input-output model. This paper uses the location quotient as a measure of industrial agglomeration and regresses it on the intermediate demand variable, which is an important variable in the integrated econometric and input-output models. The na...

This short paper constitutes the first phase of a long-term project focused on probing American urban culture by examining the hyperlinks and text of personal weblogs. It discusses methods of extracting geographic location information from weblogs and ways of indexing weblogs to city units. After a brief introduction to the broader research plan, the paper proposes a process to automatically ex...