The phase functions of single mineral dust particles levitated in an electrodynamic balance have been measured. Normalized phase functions and the asymmetry parameter could be determined because nearly the full range of scattering angles was available: 0.5° to 177°. The particles have been characterized using microscopy.

The P → ∞ limit was considered in the spherical P-spin glass. It is possible to store information in the vacuum configuration of ferromagnetic phase. Maximal allowed level of noise was calculated in ferromagnetic phase.

An effective dynamical description of a general class of stochastic phase oscillators is presented. For this, the effective phase velocity is defined either by the stochastic phase oscillators invariant probability density or its first passage times. Using the first approach the effective phase exhibits the correct frequency and invariant distribution density, whereas the second approach models...

An all-digital phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit in which resolution in the phase detector and digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) exactly matches the gate-delay time is presented. The pulse delay circuit is connected in a ring shape with 32 inverters (2 inverters). With the inverter gate-delay time as the time base, the pulse phase difference is detected simultaneously with the generation of t...

We investigate, through analysis and simulation, the performance of four carrier-synchronization techniques suitable for both homodyne and heterodyne detection of optical quadriphase-shift keying: the discrete-time decision-directed loop, the analog decision-directed loop, the Costas quadriphase loop, and the fourth-power phase-locked loop. Accounting for shot noise, laser phase noise, and feed...

This paper presents H∞ control problem for input-delayed systems. A neutral system approach is considered to the design of PD controller for input delay systems in presence of uncertain time-invariant delay. Using this approach, the resulting closed-loop system turns into a specific time-delay system of neutral type. The significant specification of this neutral system is that its delayed coeff...

This paper presents the root-mean-squared tracking error performance analysis of a class of coherent digital delay-locked loops for multicode direct sequence spread spectrum signals in bandlimited correlated Rayleigh fading channels. In the transmit side, multiple independent PSK-modulated data streams in the in-phase and qudrature phase branches are spread by short mutually orthogonal codes be...

This thesis describes a new class of delay generation structures which can produce precise delays with sub-gate delay resolution. These structures are based on coupled ring oscilla-tors which oscillate at the same frequency. One such structure, called an array oscillator, consists of a linear array of ring oscillators. A unique coupling arrangement forces the outputs of the ring oscillators to ...