background drug design against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) integrase through its mechanistic study is of great interest in the area in biological research. the main obstacle in this area is the absence of the full-length crystal structure for hiv-1 integrase to be used as a model. a complete structure, similar to hiv-1 of a prototype foamy virus integrase in complex with dna, in...

Photonic crystal design procedure for negative refraction has so far been based on trial and error. In this paper, for the first time, a novel and systematic design procedure based on physical and mathematical properties of photonic crystals is proposed to design crystal equi-frequency contours (EFCs) to produce negative refraction. The EFC design is performed by the help of rectangular stair-c...

A unit cell-based design support system (UCBDSS) for composite structural design is introduced. A unit cell is defined as the smallest representative volumetric element to carry the information of composite constituent materials, heterogeneous structures, homogenized mechanical properties, and appropriate manufacturing processes. The database of various composite unit cells is organized to form...

In this paper, we aim to investigate latticevalued information systems with fuzzy decision (LvISFD), where the domain of every condition attribute is a finite lattice. Firstly, we propose the concept of LvISFD by combining dominance relation and lattice structure. Meanwhile, we establish a rough set approach and give a ranking method for all objects in this complex system. Secondly, we address ...

A series of Cu(II) complexes showed unprecedented reversible cascades of single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) transformations, and more interestingly, very rapid crystal dynamic processes were observed in this system via the substitution of coordinating components without loss of single crystallinity.

We demonstrate the monolithic integration of photonic crystal waveguides, a photonic crystal demultiplexer, a conventional waveguide and photodiodes in InGaAsP-based material. The photonic crystal demultiplexer consists of hexagonally arranged air holes. The inputted light at the wavelengths of 1530nm and 1550nm can be separated by the demultiplexing system. Keywords-component; Photonic crystal...

The title compound, C(14)H(12)N(2), in contrast to the previously reported monoclinic polymorph [Lei et al. (2009 ▶). Acta Cryst. E65, o2613], crystallizes in the ortho-rhom-bic crystal system. The dihedral angle between the imidazole ring system and the phenyl ring is 76.78 (16)°. Weak C-H⋯N and C-H⋯π inter-actions are observed in the crystal structure.

Different Aluminum: alkaline earth metal atomic weight ratios effects on structure transformations in alanates nanopowders were studied. Changes in crystal structures from alane to alanates by increasing alkaline earth metals dopants in the mixture with slight changes in crystal structures from rhombohedral centered – trigonal (alane) to trigonal (magnesium alanate), and monoclinic (calcium ala...