CONTEXT Male hormonal contraceptive methods require effective suppression of sperm output. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to define the covariables that influence the rate and extent of suppression of spermatogenesis to a level shown in previous World Health Organization-sponsored studies to be sufficient for contraceptive purposes (< or =1 million/ml). DESIGN This was an integrat...

In Ethiopia, modern contraceptive prevalence among currently married women nearly tripled over the last decade, but the method mix remains skewed toward short-acting methods. Since 2011, the Integrated Family Health Program (IFHP+), jointly implemented by Pathfinder International and John Snow Inc., has supported the Federal Ministry of Health to introduce intrauterine devices (IUDs) in more th...

CONTEXT The extent to which racial and ethnic differences in method choice are associated with financial barriers is unclear. Understanding these associations may provide insight into how to address racial and ethnic disparities in unintended pregnancy. METHODS Claims data from the California Family PACT program, which provides free family planning services to low-income residents, were used ...

CONTEXT Publicly funded family planning agencies face significant challenges in delivering quality services to low-income women because of the higher costs of newer contraceptive methods, changes in health care financing and a growing uninsured population. METHODS In 2003, 627 of a nationally representative sample of 956 U.S. agencies receiving public funding for family planning services resp...

BACKGROUND Adequate knowledge is essential for making informed decisions. We attempted to determine the level of knowledge about mechanisms of action of birth control methods in five representative samples of European women. STUDY DESIGN Randomly selected women, aged 18-49 years, completed an anonymous survey in Germany, France, the UK, Sweden and Romania (N=1137). Participants were asked abo...

Contraception (birth control) is a topic that is often addressed quickly and with some trepidation by most high school teachers because the subject is fraught with emotional, psychological, and religious overtones. However, it is a topic that must be addressed because many students are sexually active (or have plans to be), the AIDS crisis has once again brought reproductive activity into the l...

CONTEXT Although Russian women have adequate knowledge of modern contraceptives, their level of use of these methods has been low, and abortion rates remain relatively high. METHODS In 1994-2003, sexually active women aged 18-49 were interviewed about their contraceptive use as part of the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey. Trends in contraceptive use were examined. Multivariate analyses ...

Background: Unintended pregnancy remains a major challenge to the reproductive health of women especially in the developing countries. It is a major reason for unsafe abortion, a major contributor to maternal mortality. Aim: This study was designed to assess the knowledge and practice of emergency contraception among female non‐medical undergraduates. Subjects and Methods: In this cross section...

BACKGROUND Among adolescent pregnancies, 75% are unintended. Greater use of highly-effective contraception can reduce unintended pregnancy. Although multiple studies discuss adolescent contraceptive use, there is no consensus regarding the use of long-acting reversible contraception as a first-line contraception option. OBJECTIVE We performed a systematic review of the medical literature to a...

OBJECTIVE Many studies have shown a disappointing periabortion contraceptive uptake. This study investigated whether the provision of dedicated and targeted contraception counselling at the pre-abortion assessment visit can improve the post-abortion contraception uptake. METHODS The study comprised a 3-month prospective reaudit of the abortion clinic. RESULTS Of the 104 women seen during th...