Miscanthus × giganteus is exceptional among C4 plants in its ability to acclimate to chilling (≤14 °C) and maintain a high photosynthetic capacity, in sharp contrast to maize, leading to very high productivity even in cool temperate climates. To identify the mechanisms that underlie this acclimation, RNA was isolated from M × giganteus leaves in chilling and nonchilling conditions and hybridize...

The immediate short term effects on some physiological processes and the long term effects on morphology and reproductive development of root- and shoot-chilled soybeans (Glycine max L. cv Ransom) were studied. Roots or shoots of 16- or 17-day-old plants were chilled at 10 degrees C for one week, and then rewarmed to 25 degrees C. Leaf elongation rate, net CO(2) uptake rate, and stomatal conduc...

Spring phenology is advancing with warming but late spring freezes may not advance at the same rate, potentially leading to an increase in after trees initiate budburst. Research suggests winters delay budburst through reduced chilling, which cause plants leafout more slowly, thus decreasing freeze tolerance. Here, we assessed effects of and over-winter chilling on sapling phenology, growth tis...

The hypothesis that molecular species of thylakoid phosphatidylglycerol containing two saturated fatty acids (disaturated phosphatidylglycerol) confer chilling sensitivity upon plants was tested by analyzing the fatty acid composition of phosphatidylglycerols isolated from leaves of a range of plants expected to have different sensitivities to chilling temperatures.;Saturated' fatty acids (palm...

A study was conducted to investigate the effect of chilling method on broiler carcass skin color, moisture retention, breast fillet quality, and functionality. One hundred fifty eviscerated broiler carcasses were removed from a commercial processing line before chilling, transported to the laboratory, weighed, and chilled by dry air or immersion in ice water. Postchill carcasses were weighed fo...

Poikilothermic organisms require mechanisms that allow survival at chilling temperatures (2 to 15 degreesC). We have isolated chilling-sensitive mutants of Arabidopsis, a plant that is very chilling resistant, and are characterizing them to understand the genes involved in chilling resistance. The T-DNA-tagged mutant paleface1 (pfc1) grows normally at 22 degrees C but at 5 degrees C exhibits a ...

The growth of rice (Oryza sativa L., cv. M202) seedling radicles, initially 10 +/- 1 mm long, was linear for the 96 h it took them to grow to 150 mm at 25 degrees C. Exposure to 5 degrees C for 24 h reduced the rate of growth by about 50%, and longer exposures caused a progressive reduction in growth. Initial radicle length significantly affected chilling sensitivity: with 2 days at 5 degrees C...

The lipid phase of cytoplasmic membrane was studied by freeze-fracture electron microscopy in the chilling-susceptible blue-green alga, Anacystis nidulans. At growth temperatures, intramembrane particles were distributed at random in the fracture faces of cytoplasmic membrane, whereas, at chilling temperatures, the fracture faces were composed of particle-free and particle-containing regions. T...

Chilling stress is a major factor limiting the yield and quality of vegetable soybean (Glycine max L.) on a global scale. In the present study, systematic identification and functional analysis of miRNAs under chilling stress were carried out to clarify the molecular mechanism of chilling resistance. Two independent small RNA libraries from leaves of soybean were constructed and sequenced with ...