BACKGROUND Congenital midline cervical cleft (CMCC) is a rare developmental anomaly of the anterior neck, mostly found in Caucasian females. Most authors consider it within the spectrum of branchial arch developmental abnormalities. There have been about 100 reported cases in the literature. However, there is no agreement on the age of surgery in this anomaly. CASE PRESENTATION In this report...

Introduction: The mandibular arch form is considered one of the main references among the diagnostic tools because the maintenance of this arch form and dimension is an important factor for stability of orthodontic treatment. Objectives: to evaluate the changes in mandibular intercanine and intermolar widths during orthodontic treatment and 3 years of post treatment, in which the WALA ridge was...

This study examined the relationship between the extensive use of forceps procedures during delivery and later occlusal characteristics. The work uses data collected in National Collaborative Perinatal Research Project (USA), in which more than 60,000 pregnancies and the children's health were followed by regular medical tests and examinations. Of these, a subsample of 2,074 children participat...

Pharyngeal arches are a prominent and critical feature of the developing vertebrate head. They constitute a series of bulges within which musculature and skeletal elements form; importantly, these tissues derive from different embryonic cell types [1]. Numerous studies have emphasised the role of the cranial neural crest, from which the skeletal components derive, in patterning the pharyngeal a...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate dental arch dimensions and to classify arch shape in Korean young adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS The sample included 50 Koreans with age ranging from 24 to 32 years. Maxillary and mandibular casts were fabricated using irreversible hydrocolloid and type III dental stones. Incisor-canine distance, incisor-1st molar distance, incisor-2nd molar dis...

Cardiac neural crest (CNC) plays a requisite role during cardiovascular development and defects in the formation of CNC-derived structures underlie several common forms of human congenital birth defects. Migration of the CNC cells to their destinations as well as expansion and maintenance of these cells are important for the normal development of the cardiac outflow tract and aortic arch arteri...

AIM The tongue represents an important intraoral muscular force which is in direct contact with the dental arches. The objective of the current study was to compare occlusal characteristics of patients who have the ability to roll their tongue (TR+) to those who cannot (TR-). MATERIALS AND METHODS A hundred consecutive patients under orthodontic treatment were classified as TR+ (n=73) or TR- ...

The objectives of this study were to comparatively assess the magnitude and direction of forces and moments generated from different bracket systems, during the initial levelling and alignment stage of orthodontic treatment. Three types of brackets were used: Orthos2 (Ormco), Damon2 (Ormco), and In-Ovation R (GAC). The brackets were bonded on resin replicas models of a patient's crowded mandibu...

The role of cranial neural crest cells in the formation of visceral arch musculature was investigated in the Mexican axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum. DiI (1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine, perchlorate) labeling and green fluorescent protein (GFP) mRNA injections combined with unilateral transplantations of neural folds showed that neural crest cells contribute to the connecti...

THE carotid sinus is a small dilatation present on the commencement of the internal carotid artery. It has so little obvious importance that, until recently, it was neglected by anatomists and physiologists as an uninteresting detail of blood-vessel anatomy. Adachil states that it is present in eighty-five per cent. of cases, but I have found the dilatation constantly present in a series of fif...