Optical-domain Transient Grating (TG) spectroscopy is a versatile background-free four-wave-mixing technique used to probe vibrational, magnetic and electronic degrees of freedom in the time domain. The newly developed coherent X-ray Free Electron Laser sources allow its extension regime. Xrays offer multiple advantages for TG: their large penetration depth allows probing bulk properties materi...

A new Monte Carlo-Library Least Squares (MCLLS) method was developed for the neutron inelastic-scattering and thermal-capture analysis (NITA) techniques in real-time online systems to determine boron content Tinkal ore samples. The Geant4 toolkit used simulate Prompt Gamma-ray Neutron Activation Analysis (PGNAA) system NITA technique. samples were bombarded with 14 MeV beams order represent neu...

CMS is a general-purpose detector designed for use in the large hadron collider (LHC) at CERN. The electromagnetic calorimeter will play an important role in electron and photon energy measurements. The benchmark process to evaluate and optimize its performance is H −→ γγ in the intermediate mass range (90 < mH < 150 GeV). For this purpose, each element of the readout chain has to be optimized....

Following a previous feasibility study, a photon dosimeter have been constructed by attaching a small piece of BGO scintillator to a low attenuation plastic optical fiber for which the light output is measured with a current-type PMT. The dosimeter model is tested in a Co irradiation chamber in the dose rate range varying from about 50 to 1200 Gy/h. The dose rates are measured at a number of pr...

We describe the electromagnetic calorimeter built for the GRAAL apparatus at the ESRF. Its monitoring system is presented in detail. Results from tests and the performance obtained during the first GRAAL experiments are given. The energy calibration accuracy and stability reached is a small fraction of the intrinsic detector resolution. Preprint submitted to Elsevier Preprint 2 February 2008

We present results from the flight of two prototype CZT detectors on a scientific balloon payload in September 2000. The first detector, referred to as “CZT1,” consisted of a 10 mm × 10 mm × 2 mm CZT crystal with a single gold planar electrode readout. This detector was shielded by a combination of a passive collimator in the front, giving a 40 degree field of view and surrounded by plastic sci...

In the present work, transmission factors of γ-rays are determined in bi-layered shields composed lead and steel, through a methodology three distinct parts. The buildup calculation was performed using published by Broder 1962 [1]. A computational simulation used spherical model, total concentric spheres were simulated, with source center spheres. first sphere represents shield its radius is re...