Exposure to members of a category facilitates later categorization of similar but novel instances of the category. Past studies have suggested that category knowledge can be acquired implicitly and independently of declarative memory. However, these studies have relied on dot pattern stimuli that, unlike most real-world objects, are difficult to verbalize and cannot be broken into component fea...

In 2 experiments using a converging associates paradigm, the authors evaluated implicit memory for gist information in amnesic patients. In Experiment 1, participants saw multiple sets of associates, each converging on a nonpresented theme word, and were then tested using an implicit word stem completion test and an explicit cued recall test. Amnesic patients showed intact implicit and impaired...

Amnesia typically results from trauma to the medial temporal regions that coordinate activation among the disparate areas of cortex that represent the information that make up autobiographical memories. We proposed that amnesia should also result from damage to these regions, particularly regions that subserve long-term visual memory [Rubin, D. C., & Greenberg, D. L. (1998). Visual memory-defic...

Bilateral damage to either the medial temporal lobe or the diencephalic midline causes an amnesic syndrome, i.e. a global impairment in the ability to acquire new memories regardless of sensory modality, and a loss of some memories, especially recent ones, from the period before amnesia began. The memory deficit can occur against a background of intact intellectual and perceptual functions. Two...

The effects of San-Yu-Tang (SYT) on cycloheximide (CXM)-induced amnesia were assessed by passive avoidance in rats. Oral SYT administration (0.5 or 1 g/kg for 1 week) significantly prolonged step-through latency in the amnesic animals. This beneficial effect of SYT on CXM-induced amnesia was enhanced by 8-OH-DPAT (a partial agonist of the 5-HT1A receptor), but reduced by scopolamine (a muscarin...

OBJECTIVE Generalization is the application of existing knowledge to novel situations. Questions remain about the precise role of the hippocampus in this facet of learning, but a connectionist model by Gluck and Myers (1993) predicts that generalization should be enhanced following hippocampal damage. METHOD In a two-category learning task, a group of amnesic patients (n = 9) learned the trai...

PURPOSE Zaleplon is a newly-developed rapid-acting non-benzodiazepine hypnotic. Few reports discuss zaleplon-induced somnambulism. This report describes a patient without history of somnambulism, who developed amnesic somnambulism after taking low-dose of zaleplon. CASE REPORT A 43-year-old schizophrenic male without history of physical illness, seizure, or somnambulism developed amnesic somn...

A magnetic resonance imaging study of 19 alcoholic Korsakoff patients, 17 non-amnesic alcoholics and 23 non-alcoholic controls was undertaken. Several measures of ventricular size and interhemispheric area were significantly greater in the Korsakoff patients. Interhemispheric fissure size was greater in the non-amnesic alcoholics than the non-alcoholic controls. Cortical grey matter T1 values w...