1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolinium hydroxide ionic liquid (BMIm[OH]) is loaded on commercial low surface area Pd-Ag/α-Al2O3 solid ‎catalyst to enhance higher selectivity of acetylene partial hydrogenation. Different experimental techniques such as atomic absorption spectroscopy, surface area measurement and gas chromatography have been utilized to characterize chemical, structural and catalytic pro...

The theory presented in this paper differs from previous ones in that no arbitrary loop shape is assumed. Rather a strophoid curve, that is similar to knitted fabric Loop shape, has been assumed as the basic mathematical function. Additionally, the theory is improved by adapting buckled elastic rod theory, leading to a new equation from a certain mathematical curve. This loop model is assumed t...

The main purpose of this paper is to propose an approach for performance measurement, classification and ranking the investment companies (ICs) by considering internal structure and uncertainty. In order to reach this goal, the interval network data envelopment analysis (INDEA) models are extended. This model is capable to model two-stage efficiency with intermediate measures i...

In this paper we introduce a sequential block iterative method and its simultaneous version with op-timal combination of weights (instead of convex combination) for solving convex feasibility problems.When the intersection of the given family of convex sets is nonempty, it is shown that any sequencegenerated by the given algorithms converges to a feasible point. Additionally for linear feasibil...

Ayn Rand was a Russian-born American philosopher, novelist, and playwright, whose interpretation of ethical egoism is one of the most important interpretations of this theory.  Rand is a proponent of intellectual egoism, and rationalism is a fundamental element in her ethical theory. This article attempts to review, analyze, and criticize her interpretation of ethical egoism.   Additionally, an...

In the present study, five naphthalene-based azo dyes were obtained using classical azo coupling reactions. The structure of the dyes was characterized and confirmed by the UV-vis, FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR analyses. The solvatochromic behavior of the dyes was studied in a set of 10 solvents with different polarity and considerable results were obtained. The dyes were applied as disperse dyes t...

In surrogate pregnancies genetic parents have little opportunity for early bonding with their infants either prenatally (in utero) or during the immediate postnatal period. Procedures commonly used to induce lactation include both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic methods often in combination. Studies reporting induced lactation are sparse due to the rarity of augmented lactation. Here we repo...

In this paper, we consider singular and degenerate parabolic equations$$u_t =(x^alpha u_x)_x +u^m (x_0,t)v^{n} (x_0,t),quadv_t =(x^beta v_x)_x +u^q (x_0,t)v^{p} (x_0,t),$$ in $(0,a)times (0,T)$, subject to nullDirichlet boundary conditions, where $m,n, p,qge 0$, $alpha, betain [0,2)$ and $x_0in (0,a)$. The optimal classification of non-simultaneous and simultaneous blow-up solutions is determin...

Nanotechnology has been advanced since the last decades. Among all nanomaterials that have been developed, nanosilver is the most frequently used nanoparticles. Its release into natural water bodies is inevitable due to its broad applications. Nanosilver (nAg) was prepared via Tollens method using. The morphology, size distribution and average size of the obtained nAg was characterized using Tr...

This paper proposes a mixed integer programming model for single-item capacitated lot-sizing problem with setup times, safety stock, demand shortages, outsourcing and inventory capacity. Due to the complexity of problem, three meta-heuristics algorithms named simulated annealing (SA), vibration damping optimization (VDO) and harmony search (HS) have been used to solve this model. Additionally, ...