Hospital-acquired infections are adverse patient events that affect approximately 2 million persons annually. National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) is a voluntary, hospital-based reporting system established to monitor hospital-acquired infections and to guide the prevention efforts of infection control practitioners (ICPs). The NNIS approach may be a model for future programs aime...

Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a severe infection with an extremely high fatality rate spread through direct contact with body fluids. A promising Ebola vaccine (rVSV-ZEBOV) may soon become universally available. We constructed a game-theoretic model of Ebola incorporating individual decisions to vaccinate. We found that if a population adopts selfishly optimal vaccination strategies, then the po...

During recent decades, the impact of industrial organisations on the environment has become clearly evident. It has also become more difficult to hide and more expensive. Globally, this has caused many enterprises to put all their efforts into seeking management instruments that allow them to reduce their negative impact on the environment as well as improving their economic efficiency. This en...

M anufacturing & Service Operations Management (M&SOM) formally thanks the guest associate editors and reviewers, who provided expert counsel and guidance on a voluntary basis. Through their efforts the journal was able to provide submitting authors with timely, thoughtful, and constructive reviews. In fact, for papers submitted in 2008, M&SOM received 514 reviews from 277 individuals. Remarkab...

A comprehensive avian influenza control program was established for the New York live bird market (LBM) system. Its purpose was to eliminate avian influenza virus (AIV) from the marketing system. The application of science-based surveillance, improved diagnostic performance, voluntary efforts of the LBM owners, and regulatory enforcement have resulted in the elimination of an H7 low pathogenic ...

Voluntary activation levels during lengthening, isometric, and shortening contractions (angular velocity 60 degrees/s) were investigated by using electrical stimulation of the femoral nerve (triplet, 300 Hz) superimposed on maximal efforts. Recruitment of fiber populations was investigated by using the phosphocreatine-to-creatine ratio (PCr/Cr) of single characterized muscle fibers obtained fro...

The success of this year’s meeting is due to hard work and voluntary efforts of many people. We would like to express our sincere thanks to all these individuals, but especially I would like to thank the Program Committee Members for their enormous support to BIBE at all the levels, but especially we thank the reviewers for the quick and valuable process of the BIBE papers. We would like to tha...

Although much attention has been focused on finding ways to identify medical errors and thereby reduce harm in hospital settings, few efforts have been directed at these issues in ambulatory settings. Duke University’s Department of Community and Family Medicine has developed and implemented a practical, voluntary reporting system with classification and tracking of types of errors. Initially c...

One of the most valuable of recent efforts for the treatment of mental disease has been the establishment of the Maudsley Hospital with its pathological department for the purpose of research in psychological medicine. Started at the suggestion of Dr. Henry Maudsley, who gave altogether ?40,000 towards the cost of building, it was erected for the teaching of this subject, and for the treatment,...