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The Wheeler-DeWitt equation in the minisuperspace approximation is studied in four different models. Under certain circumstances each model leads to a tunneling potential and under the same circumstances the classical version of each model leads to inflation.

and the lack of explicit instructional information about how to perform a given control task. Under these circumstances, techniques developed by arti cial intelligence researchers for \learning from examples," including the \supervised learning" techniques studied by neural network researchers, are not directly applicable because these techniques are based on the availability of training inform...

the inhuman acts of israel in the gaza strip (2008-9) have seriously violated the international humanitarian law.international documents such as the geneva convention (iv) and additional protocol to the geneva conventions (ii) relating to protecting civilians during armed conflicts have clearly indicated violation of humanitarian law during israeli’s deadly offensive at the turn of the year. u...

the statesmen of the first pahlavi formulated strategies for the economic renovation based on the export potential. before that, the harbor of busher had a central place in foreign trade of the country due to having harbor infrastructure, proximity to economic centers and the fact that many merchants lived there. after the implementation of the new plan the khuzestan area became the main center...