A 6-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat with a 3-week history of inappetence, weight loss, and hiding was examined. A palpable abdominal fluid wave, dehydration, and a small tear on the left flank were noted during initial examination. When the cat was gently restrained for blood sampling, the skin on the dorsal neck tore, leaving a 15 cm x 7 cm flap of skin. Clinicopathological abnor...

Recently the pH of the blood has been exhaustively studied but that of the cerebrospinal fluid has received little attention. Because the composition of spinal fluid is less complex, the determination of pH and interpretation of the results should be simpler than for blood. Cerebrospinal fluid is not only free from hemoglobin but also contains so little protein as to be, for practical purposes,...

Advanced Extramammary Paget’s disease (AEMPD) shows a poor prognosis despite multimodality therapy. In recent years, it is suggested that anti-HER2 therapy may be promising for HER2-positive AEMPD. We herein present an autopsy case of a patient with AEMPD treated with multimodality treatment including anti-HER2 therapy. A 78-year-old man who diagnosed with AEMPD died after surgery and systemic ...

The oral cavity represents the entry portal for a wide array of antigenic challenges, both transient and more permanent. The more permanent challenges are represented by the substantial bacterial colonization that exists in the oral cavity. This environment presents a variety of niches for the establishment of unique microbial ecologies including the oral mucosa, tongue, tooth surface, and ging...

Reversible opening of the endothelial barrier remains a major obstacle when hearts are transfected via the coronary system. Our aim was to establish an experimental system permitting the continuous analysis of vascular transfer of virus in the intact heart. Isolated saline-perfused rat hearts were inverted and covered with a latex cap to collect interstitial transudate (IT) on the pericardial s...

(Byrom, 1933). The reasons for abdominal localization of the fluid are not clear. The fluid of myxoedema ascites is characteritically straw-coloured and has the properties of an exudate with a protein concentration of 40-60 g/l and an electrophoretic pattern similar to that of serum (Taipole and Hokkanen, 1956). This may be helpful in the differential diagnosis in patients with cirrhosis and co...

This monograph is based upon the findings of a large amount of original research conducted by the author over a period of fifteen years. His work proves that the old theories regarding the structure and function of the synovial membrane, and the origin and function of the synovial fluid, are inadequate. A proper study of the synovial membrane reveals that it is not a simple structure throughout...

AIMS To investigate whether cholesterol and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) measurements in fluids are more sensitive and specific markers for differentiating between exudates and transudates, as confirmed clinically, than the measurement of fluid total protein concentrations alone. PATIENTS/METHODS Serum, pleural fluid, and ascitic fluid from 61 unselected patients were analysed retrospectively ...

Bronchorrhoea sputum separates into two phases--sol and gel--at low speed centrifugation (5000 g), although higher speed (160 000 g) is required to obtain complete separation. Markers of mucus glycoprotein and serum transudate have been estimated in sputum, sol, and gel in five cases of bronchorrhoea associated with chronic bronchitis, asthma, or alveolar cell carcinoma. In all samples markers ...

STUDY OBJECTIVES To assess the impact of routine thoracentesis on diagnostic assessment and therapeutic measures in patients with clinically documented pleural effusions. DESIGN AND SETTING Prospective, 1-year, three-center study in medical ICU (MICU) patients with physical and radiographic evidence of pleural effusion. PATIENTS Of 1,351 patients admitted to three MICUs during the study per...