LAS (Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate) shows relatively high aquatic toxicity in hard freshwater or seawater. In this paper, we studied the effect of adsorbent on the aquatic toxicity of LAS in hard freshwater and seawater. Daphnia magna and Artemia salina were used for acute aquatic toxicity test in freshwater and seawater, respectively. Kaolin was used as a model adsorbent and toxic surface ten...

Many drinking water utilities have recently changed or are seriously considering changing their disinfection practice from chlorine to some alternative treatment process. However, most of these utilities are changing their disinfectants without evaluating chemical impacts. Therefore, a research cooperative agreement was developed with Jefferson Parish, LA, to evaluate four parallel streams trea...

Disinfection by-product (DBP) exposure characterization studies are often based on the analysis of a limited number of samples collected from a distribution system (DS) in which DBP levels are variable over time and space. A compositing technique was developed to simplify the sample collection procedures for integrating over temporal variations in DBPs measured in terms of trihalomethanes (THMs...

Bojana G. Jeliazkova*, Julia K. Panajotova Department of Chemistry, Sofia University, 1, James Bourchier ave, 1126 Sofia, Bulgaria Dedicated to Prof. Hitoshi Ohtaki on the occasion o f his 60th birthday Z. Naturforsch. 50b, 524-528 (1995); received October 17, 1994 Charge Transfer Photochemistry, Bis(8-quinolinolato)Cu(II), Bis(8-quinolinethiolato)Cu(II) The photochemistry of bis(8-quinolinolat...

In the age of scaled silicon technology to improve the functional efficiency of a CMOS design, the device geometry and device parameters are constantly scaled. The major factors of the power consumption due to continuous reduction of the oxide thickness (tOX) is the gate leakage current in both the active and standby mode of the device and other is due to scaled supply voltage, the sub-threshol...

Thin-body transistors with silicide source/drains were fabricated with gate-lengths down to 15nm. Complementary low-barrier silicides were used to reduce contact and series resistance. Minimum gate-length transistors with Tox=40Å show PMOS |Idsat|=270μA/μm and NMOS |Idsat|=190μA/μm with Vds=1.5V, |Vg-Vt|=1.2V and, Ion/Ioff>10 . A simple transmission model, fitted to experimental data, is used t...

A temperate phage designated obeta1 (omicron beta) was mitomycin C induced and isolated from heat-labile enterotoxin (LT)-producing Escherichia coli E2631-C2. Phage obeta1 infected the nonlysogenic, nontoxigenic, mitomycin C-sensitive strain of E. coli K-12 (CSH38) and converted it to lysogeny and enterotoxigenicity. After the establishment of lysogeny, E. coli CSH38(obeta1) produced produced L...

Modern drug discovery involves the simultaneous optimization of many physicochemical and biological properties that transcends the historical focus on bioactivity alone. The process of resolving many requirements is termed 'multi-objective optimization', and here we discuss how this can be used for drug discovery, focusing on evolutionary molecule design to incorporate optimal predicted absorpt...

The immunodominant determinant of Pseudomonas toxin A was shown to cross-react with a normally inaccessible determinant in fragment A of diphtheria toxin. Trypsin-treated diphtheria toxin and fragment A of diphtheria toxin inhibited binding of toxin A antibody to whole toxin A, whereas whole diphtheria toxin did not inhibit this reaction. However, even at the lowest stringency no hybridization ...