Introduction: The thyroid gland regulates the basal metabolic rate, somatic growth, and psychic growth. Hence, the thyroid gland plays a major role for the normal growth of a fetus during the prenatal period. It is the first endocrine gland which starts to develop by 24 days after fertilization. The aim of our study is to study the morphological and histological features of the thyroid gland in...

Acromegaly often involves the presence of different pathologies of the thyroid gland. Long-lasting stimulation of the follicular epithelium by growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) can cause disorders in thyroid function, an increase in its mass and the development of goitre. Acromegalic patients present most frequently with non-toxic multinodular goitre. Nodules are more...

BACKGROUND Sorafenib is a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor licensed for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma. Thyroid function test abnormalities have been reported for different tyrosine kinase inhibitors, but only limited data on thyroid function test abnormalities related to sorafenib are available, demonstrating the occurrence of hypothyroidism in patie...

Introduction: Thyroid is an endocrine gland which affected by various types of pathology including non-neoplastic and neoplastic conditions. The disease burden very high in costal areas India Himalaya areas. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) important mode initial diagnosis diseases the gland. study was conducted tribal Odisha to find clinical features cytomorphological finding thyroid. Me...

background and objective: hypothyroidism is a known consequence of the external beam radiotherapy to the neck encompassing the thyroid gland for over 40 years. the aim of this study was to find out the incidence of hypothyroidism in patients with head and neck cancer treated with radiotherapy, when radiation portals included whole of the thyroid gland. materials and methods: this prospective no...

Thyroid Benign Nodules (TBN) are the most common lesions of this endocrine gland. The etiology TBN is not clear. aim exploratory study was to examine differences in content bromine (Br), cooper (Cu), iron (Fe), iodine (I), rubidium (Rb), strontium (Sr), and zinc (Zn), as well I/Br, I/Cu, I/Fe, I/Rb, I/Sr, I/Zn ratios tissues normal thyroid TBN. tissue levels seven Trace Elements (TEs) were pros...

introduction: considering the influence of geographical, genetic and ethnic factors on the prevalence of thyroid pathological lesions, this study was performed to assess the prevalence of pathological lesions in thyroid autopsic samples obtained from adult cadavers of isfahan forensic medical center. material and methods: in this study, 202 thyroid glands from cadavers with no evidence of thyro...

The presence of adipose tissue in the thyroid gland is a rare finding. Thyrolipoma or adenolipoma of the thyroid is a benign, encapsulated lesion of the thyroid composed of variable amounts of fat and glandular elements. This report presents a case of thyrolipoma in a 69-yr-old female presenting with neck swelling and respiratory distress. Differential diagnosis of the fat-containing thyroid le...

Ectopic thyroid is a rare developmental anomaly of the thyroid gland which is defined as the presence of thyroid tissue at a site other than the pretracheal area. Nearly 1 to 3% of all ectopic thyroids are located in the lateral neck. Simultaneous submandibular ectopic thyroid tissue presenting with a functional orthotopic thyroid gland is extremely rare. In this article, we report a 37-year-ol...