Abstract Background and Aims Renal complement expression has been observed in both experimental human kidney diseases. We have previously reported massive tubular C3 fibrotic TGF-beta1 transgenic mice (Nephrol Dial Transpl 2015, 30; S3:FP301). Still, little is known whether this intra-renal only an inflammatory marker of renal fibrosis or also exerts direct pro-fibrotic effects the pathogenesis...

Pansclerotic morphea(PSM) is an extremely rare, devastating disease characterized by extensive soft tissue fibrosis, secondary contractions, and eventual death. The pathogenesis of PSM unknown, aggressive immunosuppressive treatments rarely slow progression. Here, we sought to comprehensively characterize the cellular molecular events underlying identify novel therapeutic targets. We performed ...

Immune-modifying particles (IMPs) composed of biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA-IMP) are taken up by circulating inflammatory monocytes via scavenger receptor MARCO and lead them to traffic the spleen where they undergo apoptosis. PLGA-IMPs has been demonstrated improve immune-mediated pathology in diverse tissues conditions. Here we report using intravenous for severe acute ski...

In appendiceal cancers, the most frequently mutated genes are (i) KRAS, which, when reactivated, restores signal transduction via RAS–RAF–MEK–ERK signaling pathway and stimulates cell proliferation in early stages of tumor transformation, then angiogenesis; (ii) TP53, whose inactivation leads to inhibition programmed death; (iii) GNAS, links cAMP pathway, stimulating (iv) SMAD4, exhibiting typi...

TGFb signaling is known to play a central role in tumor biology, via inducing and/or enhancing tumor cell growth and differentiation, modulating the extracellular matrix in the stroma, inducing epithelial to mesenchymal transition, modulating angiogenesis, and inhibiting immune surveillance and anti-tumor immunity. Galunisertib is a pharmacological inhibitor of the TGFb pathway which acts by in...

Activin A is a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFb) superfamily and a pleiotropic cytokine that regulates many processes, from reproduction and development to cancer and immunity. Activin A shares the smad2/3 signal transduction pathway with TGFb and displays overlapping biological activities with the latter, including the ability to promote the differentiation of CD4 T cells to...

Abstract Background Up to 30% of Crohn's Disease (CD) patients suffer from perianal fistula creating a high disease burden. Treating CD is challenging compared cryptoglandular fistula, which have significantly better wound healing response. Previous studies suggested epithelial mesenchymal transition as an inducer formation, markers were observed in tracts. However, most normal mucosa, thus dis...

CDKN1B is a negative regulator implicated in G1 arrest mediated by TGFb, cell-cell contact, agents that elevate cyclic AMP and rapamycin; CDKN1B binds to and acts as a stoichiometric inhibitor of G1-cyclincyclin dependent kinase complexes (cyclin E-Cdk2, cyclin A-Cdk2, cyclin D-Cdk4 (restriction point)), controlling G1 to S phase transition or exit from the cell cycle; CDKN1B coordinates the va...